The Basics
What year did the Modern Age in Spain start?
1492.
Name two examples of exports from Europe to the Americas.
Cereals, honey bees, grapes, horses, onions.
What kingdoms did the marriage of Isabel I and Fernando II unify?
Kingdoms of Aragon and Castille.
What Empire did Carlos I inherit from his father?
The German Empire.
How did the Habsburg Dynasty come to an end?
Carlos II died without an heir.
What events triggered the start of the Modern Age for Spain?
The "discovery" of America by Christopher Columbus.
Name three examples of imports to Europe from the Americas.
Pineapple, pumpkin, tomato, vanilla, potato, cacao beans, turkey, peanuts, silver.
When did Isabel and Fernando achieve the name of Catholic Monarchs?
After conquering the Kingdom of Granada in 1492.
What was Carlos I/V personal and national motto?
"Plus ultra".
Name a war that Spain was involved in that contributed to its economic crisis.
30 Years War.
True/False. Christopher Columbus was Portuguese.
False (he was Italian).
Where did Christopher Columbus first set foot in the Americas?
San Salvador.
What was the Spanish Inquisition?
A campaign to punish those who did not follow the rules established by the Catholic church.
When he died, how did Carlos I/V allocate his territories?
The German Empire to his brother, Fernando, and the Spanish Empire (including Netherlands) to his son, Felipe II.
Who were the true rulers during Felipe III’s reign?
The Validos.
Name three areas of advancement that happened in the Modern Age.
Economy, politics, trade, science.
What were the Mayans known for?
Advanced writing systems and science (astronomy, medicine, mathematics).
Name three accomplishments during Isabel and Fernando's reign.
Unification of the Iberian Peninsula, reinforcement of royal authority, and imposition of the Catholic religion.
What did Felipe II accomplish?
Expansion of the Empire, especially in the Americas, defeat of Portugal, and control of Iberian Peninsula.
Name three reasons for the decline of the Spanish Empire.
Expensive wars, plagues, dependence on silver and gold imported from the Americas.
What year/event marked the end of the Modern Age for Spain?
1789 with the French Revolution.
What were two of the indigenous empires that the Spanish came across in the Americas and where were they located?
Mayan Empire in Central America (Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras), Aztec Empire in central Mexico, Incan Empire in Peru.
Who published the first Spanish grammar book in 1492?
Antonio de Nebrija.
What does "Plus ultra" mean?
"Further beyond".
What year did Portugal re-gain independence from Spain?
1668.