Cuba
Puerto Rico
Similarity or Difference
Bonus love
200
There was agitation by abolitionists in the Cortes and the slave system was in decline because the richer planters had accepted abolition and had sold their slaves or freed them, and some slaves ran away.
A reason why Spain abolished Slavery in Cuba in 1886 was?
200
*On 1560 the branding of slaves began in Puerto Rico.
*However ,slavery had existed in Puerto Rico since the mid-16th century. In 1866, petitions were brought to Parliament to end slavery.
*It was on march 22,1873 when the Spanish Cortes passed the official abolition law.
*Only 29,335 slaves were freed. This was only 5%of the overall population of Puerto Rico.
*Even though slavery ended there were certain conditions which the slaves had to still go through such as:
They were obliged to enter a 3 year contract after the abolition of slavery.
*They had no political rights for 5 years
Some of the major leaders in the process were:
José Julian Acosta
Francisco Mariano Quiñones
Julio L. de Vizcarrondo
Ramón Emeterio Betances
Segundo Ruiz Belvis
Facts on Puerto Rico's Emancipation Process
200
The British compensation was 20,000,000 pounds. Compensation was given to planters who worked for the British colony.
35 million pesetas were paid to former owners of slaves in Puerto Rico. There was no compensation offered to slave-owners in Cuba because of the cost of the Ten Years Wars.
Difference
200
Many “liberals” in Cuba wanted to follow the example of Latin America and become independent from Spain. Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, a lawyer and eastern landowner led a movement for emancipation. The war that followed lasted for ten years, the eastern end of the island is where most fighting took place. The struggles of the rebels who had little chance of success against Martinez Campos, a Spanish commander, brought emancipation forward.
In 1870, the Spanish government ordered that all enslaved over the age of 60 should be freed. The enslaved newborn children should be freed on their 18th birthday and until then they would serve a form of apprenticeship, known as the patranato.
In 1878 Campos signed the Treaty of Zanjon with the revolutionaries, they agreed to end the war in exchange for an amnesty for their rebellion, while the Spanish promised to abolish all enslavement. All the enslaved who fought for the revolution and helped the Spanish troops were freed in 1878. In 1880 it was announced that the patranato would be ended in 1888. The final end of enslavement in Cuba was marked in the year 1886.
Puerto Rico had liberals who wanted independence. The failed revolt in 1868 had played its part in bringing emancipation earlier than in Cuba. On the 22 nd of March 1873, the 30,000 enslaved on Puerto Rico were freed, although they had to enter a period of apprenticeship for three years.
Liberal Fight for Independence and Win Freedom
400
Spain felt isolated after the removal of the United States’ support after 1865 and concerned about her image as a slave holding power. As a result, she was forced to act decisively.
A reason why Spain abolished Slavery in Cuba in 1886 was?
400
*Spain wanted emancipation in the Spanish colonies for humanitarian and economic reasons. The British campaign for emancipation was for humanitarian and religious reasons.
*The British had an apprenticeship system which failed. The Spanish did not have an apprenticeship system.
Abolition in the British Colonies came earlier than in the Spanish colonies, Cuba and Puerto Rico. Britain gain its emancipation in the year of 1834. Abolition in the Spanish colonies, Cuba and Puerto Rico, came later than in British Colonies. Slavery lasted until the 1880s in Cuba and the 1870s in Puerto Rico. Then slavery finally came to an end in 1886.
Difference
400
*The Spanish government signed another treaty agreeing with Britain to end the slave trade in 1838. No action was taken and the enslaved took matters in their own hands and protested. As a result in 1843 they started a widespread revolt in an area around Matanzas.
*Many plantation owners became afraid that Cuba might become a black republic like Haiti therefore, some owners began using indentured servants from Mexico, China and the Canary Islands rather than importing slaves that came from Africa. Cuban planters were prepared to support emancipation.
Why was the slave trade forced to an ending?
800
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800
• In the second and third quarters of the nineteenth century the sugar production had a tremendous increase which led to a decline in rivals and making the Spanish colony not want to end the slave trade because this was an exciting moment for them and they wanted to enjoy it, and lastly there was no significant support which made them want to end the slave trade until the independence movement in the 1870s and 1880s
A reason why abolition came later in the Spanish colonies was?
800
● The trusteeship system in Cuba ended prematurely like the apprenticeship system in the British territories.
● Similar to the reform in Parliament that occurred in Britain the monarchy in Spain was overthrown and the country became a republic, a number of anti-slavery sympathizers were apart of the new government.
Similarity
800
• A sugar boom was experienced after 1750 which did not end until the 19th century. Slavery grew in the Spanish colonies because of the increase in sugar production, it was mostly in Cuba where planters cannot obtain enough slaves to trade restrictions.
• Cuban Slave Trade was declared open and duties on slaves were reduced, later traders from any country were given permission to export commodities without paying.
• By the 19th century Spain has imported more slaves than ever, Spanish authorities became more interested in the black to white ratio than the humanitarian aspect of the slave trade.
• In 1815 Spain made an agreement to abolish the slave trade but made no attempt to enforce the measures even though 1820 had passed which was when it was formally agreed to end, the Spanish colony continued to import slaves until in 1865 the slave trade was abolished due to the pressure of outsiders and the growing abolition movement in Spain such as the Anti-Slavery Society.
Abolition of slave trade
1000
October 8, 1886
When was Cuba emancipated.
1000
• When Spain decided to sign a treaty with Great Britain where it was pledged to itself that the abolishment will take place in 1820 but the trade continued in spite, Britain tried to get Spain to abolish the slave trade but had fear the Spanish government and the Cuban planters thought that the abolition would have an effect on the sugar cultivation process which led to Spain not being able to make a quick decision and needed time
A reason why abolition came later in the Spanish colonies was?
1000
Like the British, the Spanish had slave revolts demonstrating the resistance to slavery, for example in the areas around Matanzas, Cuba there was a widespread of slave revolts in 1843.
● In Cuba, slaves were not given immediate freedom, they remained under a system of trusteeship, similar to the British’s apprenticeship system.
Similarity
1000
Spain officially took serious steps to abolish slave trade in 1855. Some enraged Planters sided with Cuba and spoke of this to USA. They again decided to end it in the trade in 1863.
The Spanish Government faced increasing international pressure initially from Britain , they increased pressure to bring about abolition in Spanish colonies. emancipation in their goals.
In 1870, the Spanish Government passed a law granting freedom to all slaves over 60 years old and those born after September 1868. Three years later all the slaves in Puerto Rico were set free. This process was abandoned 6 years later, with all remaining slaved being set free in 1886. By the 7th October, 1886, all remaining slaves were granted their freedom.
Forcing the end of the enslavement trade