Variation
This term refers to the natural fluctuation in process output over time
What is common cause variation?
The hypothesis that assumes no difference or effect
What is the null hypothesis?
A graphical method to assess normality.
What is a Q-Q plot?
This control chart monitors the process mean for continuous data.
What is an X-bar chart?
This chart is used to monitor the proportion of defective items.
What is a p-chart?
Variation caused by identifiable factors such as machine malfunction or operator error.
What is special cause variation?
The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.
What is a Type I error?
The assumption of normality is critical for this type of charts
What is a control charts?
This chart tracks the variability within subgroups.
What is an R chart?
This chart tracks the number of defects per unit
What is a c-chart?
The measure that quantifies the spread of data around the mean.
What is standard deviation?
The test used to compare the means of two independent samples.
What is a t-test?
This error occurs when you reject the null hypothesis even though it is true.
What is a Type I error?
When subgroup size is large, this chart is preferred over R chart.
What is an S chart?
This chart is used when sample sizes vary and defects are counted.
What is a u-chart?
This chart helps distinguish between common and special cause variation.
What is a control chart?
The significance level commonly used in hypothesis testing.
What is 0.05?
The probability of making a Type II error is represented by this Greek letter.
What is beta (β)?
The type of data used in variable control charts
What is continuous data?
Attribute charts deal with this type of data
What is discrete data?
This type of variation cannot be easily eliminated.
What is common cause variation?
This test is used to determine if there is a significant difference in standard deviation
What is the Chi-Square test?
This statistic estimates the population standard deviation from a sample.
What is the sample standard deviation (s)?
When individual measurements are taken instead of subgroups, this chart is used.
What is an I-MR chart (Individuals and Moving Range)?
This chart is used when monitoring the number of defective items in a sample, but the sample size varies.
What is an np-chart with adjusted limits?