Richard
"Definition," "Directness," and "Simplicity" are all examples of ways to do this speaking style
Speaking for clarity
This method of organizing for persuasion works well when comparing an existing policy and a new proposed policy
Comparative advantage
This secondary dimension of an argument refers to the degree to which the speaker is sure that a claim is true or valid
Qualifier
The 3 primary elements of an argument
Claims, Evidence, Warrants
Challenge to persuasion that arises when correcting someone's misperceptions about a policy actually leads them to believe that misperception more deeply
(when someone has to defend their beliefs, it raises that person's stake in the belief)
The backfire effect
These types of questions can be answered with complete sentences and thoughts. They typically start with the words "What," "How," or "Why."
Open-ended questions
BONUS (+75 pts): "Ask open-ended questions" is one of 7...?
In a public speech, it is said that "The people of Colorado must make a choice: we either adopt 100% renewable energy in the next decade or submit to another century of nothing but dirty energy."
The logical fallacy being used is
False dilemma
BONUS (+100 pts): Define false dilemma?
Arguments that cannot be supported with credible evidence
Baseless claims
BONUS (+75 pts): What bullet point on the study guide would this pertain to?
Kenny brings in his tub of slime for show and tell. He passes around the slime so that everyone in the class can feel it. This type of speaking aid is
Haptic aid
When saying that "Ohio is the heart of America", the incredibly smart person making this statement is using this strategy for eloquence
Metaphor
BONUS (+25 pts each): What are the other 3 devices discussed in the book for speaking for eloquence?
In speeches, the quote indicators that we use to indicate that we are moving from our own ideas to someone else's are
Quotation notes
BONUS (+25 pts): What are the quote indicators that we use when writing?
In his speech, Kenny uses his fist and his palm to demonstrate what he saw during the MMA fight he was watching last night. The type of gesture he used is
Illustrative gesture
BONUS (+50 pts): What is the other type of gesture?
The book discusses two elements of effective speech organization. This element refers to the "parts of a speech that do particular tasks and work together to achieve the purpose of the speech"
Speech structures
BONUS (+100 pts): Give an example
This type of audience analysis requires a speaker to reach out the speech/ event organizer and ask them for their assessment of the likely identities, interests, and beliefs that will be found in the audience
Informant Survey
BONUS (+50 pts each): Can you name the other three types of audience analysis?
The broad term for the many types of anxieties people have about communication generally
BONUS (+100 pts): What is the most common form of communication apprehension?
The parts of the Standard Model of Communication
1. Sender
2. Message
3. Encoding/ Decoding
4. Channel
5. Noise
6. Encoding/ Decoding
7. Feedback
8. Receiver
BONUS (+150 pts): What is the difference between encoding and decoding?
The step in "Monroe's Motivated Sequence" that helps the audience imagine how their life might look differently based upon their next choices
(could be large or in a small way, & could be positively or negatively)
This type of informative speaking allows experts to simplify and convey only the most important info and findings from a broader body of information. Often used in business and government settings.
Briefings
By using the general principle that The Constitution protects your right to protest, you arrive at the claim that the campus police violated your rights when shutting down your protest. You used this type of reasoning
Deduction
The 6 Dimensions of a Speaking Situation
1. The speaker
2. The audience
3. The occasion
4. The time
5. The environment
6. The immediacy
As a warrant, this type of reasoning connects a good number of similar examples (i.e., evidence) to come to a single, overarching claim
Induction
The 3 things a speaker must do to effectively describe practicality
1. Describe how or to what extent the plan cures the need
2. Weigh advantages over disadvantages
3. Address counterarguments
The challenge to persuasion that might result in resistance to a speaker's argument that a policy is racist, because the audience members previously supported it but do not want to identify themselves as racially biased
Policy as identity/ Identity-protective cognition
(1) Selecting the date and time of your speech, (2) selecting the order of your speech, and (3) knowing your speech requirements are all recommendations for this strategy for managing public speaking anxiety
Be as in control as possible
The 5 strategies for persuasion that works
1. Relevance and engagement
2. Repetition
3. Empathy and perspective-taking4. Moral reframing
5. Anticipating counterarguments and disadvantages