Organization in Plants and Animals
the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms
Cells
-all living & once-living organisms are made of cells
-new cells are created by old cells dividing
-all cells are similar to each other but not identical
-cells are the basic building unit of life
cell theory
a membrane-bound structure inside a cell that performs a specialized function. {hint: small organs}
organelle
-Found in the cytoplasm of many plant cells (leaves and stems)
-They contain green pigment, which traps a small amount of energy in sunlight.
chromosomes
Cells that transmits signal from the different parts of the body to the brain are called ________________.
neurons
a mass of similar cells that perform a specialized function
tissues
specialized cells
a membrane-bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the DNA (like the brain of the cell)
nucleus
ingests and breaks-down the cell’s waste products (like compost)
lysosome
The cells that prevent foreign bodies from entering the nasal opening is called__________.
cilia
a collection of similar tissues joined together into a structure that performs specialized functions
organs
true or false: animal and plant cells are the same.
false
the jelly-like material inside the outer membrane of a cell that holds the nucleus, organelles, and other components of the cell
cytoplasm
a large, water filled organelle present in all plant and fungal cells and some animal and bacterial cells
vacuole
Cells that carry oxygen to the different parts of the body are called _____________.
red blood cells
a collection of organs that work together to perform specialized functions
Organ system
2 differences between plant and animal cell.
presence of large vacuole in plants and chomosomes
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that functions in energy production, the power factory/house of the cell (like a generator supplying electricity)
mitochondrion
an oval-shaped membrane-bound organelle in plants that is the site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Cells that transfer hereditary traits from parents to offspring are called?
a self-contained living thing
Organism
How many cells are there in prokaryotic organisms?
1 or single cell
a lipid barrier that encloses the cytoplasm and controls what enters and exits the cell
cell membrane
a tough, protective barrier that surrounds the outer membrane of PLANT cells; helps maintain shape under changing water pressure
Cell wall
Organisms with more than one cell are called ________.
multi cellular (eukaryotic)