Cell Classification
These are the two main types of cells found on Earth.
What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
This structure separates the cell’s interior from its environment.
What is the plasma membrane?
This boundary is made of a phospholipid bilayer and is selective about what enters and exits the cell.
What is the plasma membrane?
This organelle contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA.
What is the nucleus?
This organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
What is the chloroplast?
This type of cell lacks membrane-bound organelles and includes bacteria and archaea.
What is a prokaryotic cell?
This jelly-like substance fills the inside of the cell and surrounds organelles.
What is the cytosol/cytoplasm?
The powerhouse of the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
These structures use mRNA as a blueprint to build proteins.
What are ribosomes?
This organelle helps detoxify drugs and build lipid molecules.
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
These organisms, including humans, are multicellular.
What are eukaryotes?
This molecule carries genetic instructions in all cells.
What is DNA?
This dynamic network of protein fibers provides structural support and helps move materials within the cell.
What is the cytoskeleton?
Instead of DNA leaving the nucleus, it copies a section of itself in a process called transcription and sends instructions in the form of this molecule.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
These small sacs transport substances within and out of the cell.
What are vesicles?
This is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells.
What is 1 to 10 micrometers?
These structures build proteins in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What are ribosomes?
This organelle is abundant in cells that secrete large amounts of proteins, such as lung epithelial cells.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum/ribosomes?
This organelle modifies proteins and sorts them for transport.
What is the Golgi body?
These cells have many mitochondria to generate energy for movement.
What are muscle cells?
This structural feature allows eukaryotic cells to be more complex than prokaryotic cells.
What are membrane-bound organelles/nucleus?
These four features are shared by all cells, regardless of type.
What are plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes?
These three components work together to maintain the cell’s shape, internal environment, and support specialized functions.
What are the plasma membrane, cytosol, and cytoskeleton?
This process is highly regulated and determines how cells take on specialized roles.
What is protein synthesis?
This organelle pair collaborates in photosynthetic plant cells to convert sunlight into sugar and then into usable energy.
What are chloroplasts and mitochondria?