Paper 1
cryptic species
What term defines the process that drives most speciation events by causing divergence through geographic isolation
allopatric speciation
Define genes found in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene due to speciation.
Orthologous genes
What evolutionary force was argued to be "too weak" to large-scale levels of speciation?
genetic drift
This taxon shows very low eukANI values because many species contain potentially hidden genetic lineages?
Fungi
What disadvantage makes rare polyploids unlikely to compete in populations dominated by diploids?
minority cytotype disadvantage
The term for individuals within a species that are MORE genetically divergent from each other compared to their sister species
negative discontinuity
What term describes the process of populations in similar environments fixing different but beneficial alleles under the same selective pressures?
Mutation-order speciation
These two groups are separated into distinct species when eukANI values are <99%
vascular plants and vertebrates
What two terms separate the idea of geographic separation caused by inherent genetic differences in habitat adaptations versus separation caused by historical and/or physical barriers preventing interbreeding/gene flow?
ecogeographic isolation versus effective geographic isolation
The first paper discusses species boundaries of bacteria through tracking genomic-wide thresholds, while the second paper discusses how multicellular organisms, through this process, accumulate multiple isolating barriers before speciation
(hint: mating/behavioral differences)
reproductive isolation