Speciation 101
The formation of a new species is called this.
What is Speciation?
Allopatric speciation requires this type of physical barrier.
What is Geographic Isolation?
In Sympatric speciation, populations evolve into new species while living in the _____ area.
What is the Same?
Two birds look similar but have different songs. They do not mate because of this type of isolation.
What is Behavioral Isolation?
The rapid diversification of a single ancestor into many new species (like the finches).
What is Adaptive Radiation?
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
What is a Species?
The Kaibab and Abert squirrels became different species because they were separated by this landmark.
What is the Grand Canyon?
This type of isolation occurs when two species reproduce at different times of the year (e.g., one frog mates in April, another in July).
What is Temporal Isolation?
A horse and a donkey can mate to produce a mule, but the mule is sterile. This is an example of post-zygotic ________.
What is Hybrid Sterility?
The total collection of genes in a population.
What is the Gene Pool?
This famous scientist wrote On the Origin of Species and studied finches.
Who is Charles Darwin?
This Greek prefix "Allo-" means this. (Hint: "Different" or "Other").
What is Other (or Different)?
A mistake in meiosis that results in extra sets of chromosomes (common in plants) can cause instant sympatric speciation.
What is Polyploidy?
When the sperm of one species cannot fertilize the egg of another species.
What is Gametic Isolation?
This type of evolution describes two unrelated species looking similar (like a shark and a dolphin).
What is Convergent Evolution?
This term describes when a species completely dies out and no members remain.
What is Extinction?
Darwin’s Finches are a classic example of Allopatric speciation because they were separated by this body of water.
What is the Ocean (or separation between Islands)?
If one group of fruit flies prefers apples and another prefers hawthorn berries on the same tree, they might diverge due to this type of isolation.
What is Behavioral (or Habitat) Isolation?
Two flowers cannot cross-pollinate because a bee fits into one but not the other. This is _______ isolation.
What is Mechanical Isolation?
This theory suggests evolution happens in rapid bursts separated by long periods of stability.
What is Punctuated Equilibrium?
Speciation often begins when a single population is split into two smaller populations by this general "I" word.
What is Isolation?
If a river changes course and divides a population of beetles, this type of speciation is likely to occur.
What is Allopatric Speciation?
The Greek prefix "Sym-" means this.
What is Together (or With)?
Isolation that happens before the egg is fertilized is called this.
What is Pre-zygotic Barrier?
This term describes the random change in allele frequency (luck, not skill), often seen in small populations.
What is Genetic Drift?