Speciation Basics
This is the process in which one population diverges into a new species due to genetic differences.
What is speciation?
This selection type results in more individuals with average traits.
What is stabilizing selection?
The process where humans breed organisms for desirable traits.
What is artificial selection?
A type of barrier preventing the fertilized egg from developing fully
What is zygote mortality?
This African lake is famous for its diverse fish population, illustrating speciation through resource use.
What is Lake Victoria?
This type of isolating mechanism occurs when two species can't mate due to physical barriers like mountains or rivers.
What is geographical isolation?
This selection results in two peaks and discourages the average trait from reproducing
What is disruptive selection?
Genetic modification that allows corn to be resistant to this agricultural chemical
What is herbicide?
Mechanisms occurring before a zygote can form, preventing mating
What are pre-zygotic isolating mechanisms?
This plant species evolved into separate species due to occupying wet and dry habitats in the same ecosystem.
What is the oak tree (scarlet and black oak)?
When species breed at different times of the year, this type of isolation occurs
What is temporal isolation?
This selection causes the bell curve to shift due to pressure on one end of the trait spectrum.
What is directional selection?
This type of biology involves designing genes and inserting them into organisms.
What is synthetic biology?
This type of isolation is due to different mating behaviors or signals in animals
What is behavioral isolation
This process can start in a grassland ecosystem when overgrazing creates a physical barrier.
What is geographic isolation?
An isolating mechanism where hybrid offspring, such as mules, survive but cannot reproduce.
What is hybrid sterility?
A real-world example where two frog species have different mating seasons, illustrating this type of isolation.
What is temporal isolation?
A notable case where genetically modified E. coli can detect and indicate disease presence by glowing.
What is disease detection by modified E. coli?
Sperm failing to survive in the reproductive tract of another species exemplifies this barrier.
What is gametic isolation?
This hybrid plant led to a commonly used food staple, formed through hybridization and mutation.
What is wheat?
This occurs when chromosome numbers in plants double, leading to immediate reproductive isolation.
What is polyploidy?
When hybrid offspring manage to reproduce asexually and gradually develop into a new species.
What is hybrid speciation?
Over 50 types of genetically modified crops have been approved in this country
What is Canada?
In dragonflies, the male’s claspers and female’s mating position illustrate this type of isolation.
What is mechanical isolation?
This occurs when two isolated grass populations exposed to different environments develop into distinct species.
What is reproductive isolation leading to speciation?