Articulation
This type of sound is produced with complete closure of the vocal tract followed by a burst of air, such as /p/ or /t/.
What is a stop (or plosive)?
This type of aphasia is characterized by nonfluent, effortful speech with relatively preserved auditory comprehension and impaired repetition.
What is Broca's Aphasia
This circular muscle surrounds the lips and is responsible for lip closure and rounding.
What is the orbicularis oris?
By 18 months of age, a typically developing child should have approximately this many spoken words.
What is 50 words?
This fluency disorder is characterized by a rapid rate of speech, reduced intelligibility, and excessive normal disfluencies, often with limited awareness.
what is cluttering?
This phonological process involves deleting one sound in a consonant cluster, such as saying “pane” for “plane.”
what is cluster reduction
This condition, often resulting from right hemisphere damage, causes a patient to fail to attend to stimuli on the left side of space.
What is left neglect
This is the total number of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles that make up the tongue.
What is 8
Around this age, children typically begin producing two-word combinations such as “more milk.”
What is 24 months?
This voice disorder is characterized by intermittent spasms of the vocal folds during speech, resulting in strained or breathy voice quality.
What is spasmodic dysphonia?
In this intervention approach, treatment targets two sounds that are maximally different in terms of place, manner, and voicing features to promote broader generalization.
What is the maximal oppositions approach?
This motor speech disorder is characterized by impaired planning and programming of speech movements despite intact muscle strength.
what is apraxia of speech
This intrinsic tongue muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the tongue tip.
What is the superior longitudinal muscle?
This grammatical marker, typically emerging around 27–30 months, marks progressive verb tense in phrases like “running.”
What is the present progressive –ing?
This fluent aphasia type is characterized by impaired repetition with relatively preserved comprehension and phonemic paraphasias, often due to arcuate fasciculus damage.
What is conduction aphasia?
This phonological treatment approach targets later-developing, more complex sound patterns in order to facilitate system-wide generalization to simpler, untreated sounds.
What is the Complexity Approach
This neurological condition, often associated with right hemisphere damage, involves a lack of awareness or denial of one’s own deficits, such as paralysis or cognitive impairment.
What is anosognosia?
These three paired muscles form the muscular walls of the pharynx and contract sequentially during swallowing.
What are the superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors?
This measure of syntactic development is calculated by averaging the number of morphemes per utterance in a language sample.
What is Mean Length of Utterance (MLU)?
This often-overlooked structural anomaly, characterized by a bifid uvula, zona pellucida, and a notch in the hard palate, can result in hypernasal speech.
What is submucous cleft palate?
This motor planning disorder is characterized by inconsistent errors, disrupted coarticulatory transitions, and inappropriate prosody in the absence of neuromuscular weakness.
what is childhood apraxia of speech
Damage to this structure commonly results in ataxic dysarthria, characterized by irregular articulatory breakdowns, excess and equal stress, and impaired coordination of speech movements.
What is the cerebellum?
This intrinsic laryngeal muscle is the primary muscle responsible for vocal fold abduction.
What is the posterior cricoarytenoid?
This evidence-based intervention approach provides multiple, high-frequency models of a specific linguistic target without requiring the child to produce the form.
What is Focused Stimulation?
This chromosomal disorder is associated with hypotonia, relative strengths in social engagement and receptive language, significant expressive language delays, macroglossia, and reduced speech intelligibility.
What is Down Syndrome?