Preschoolers
During the preschool years a child’s speech largely becomes intelligible - True or False
True
Speech perception errors in students typically result from a broken perceptual system - True or False
False
How many cranial nerves are there?
12
What are the labial sounds?
/b, p, f, v, m, w/
What are the front vowels?
/i, ɪ, e, ɛ, æ/
Which classes of sounds are largely acquired during the preschool years: endpoint sounds or midpoint sounds?
Midpoint
Later-acquired consonants tend to be ________?
Midsounds
What cranial nerves are important while performing an Oral Mechanism Exam?
5, 7, 9, 10, and 12, as well as 3, 4, 6 for symmetry
What are the coronal sounds?
/θ, ð, t, d, s, z, n, l, ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ, ɹ, j/
What are the central vowels?
/ə, ɚ, ɝ, ʌ/
Which consonant classes are midpoint sounds?
Fricatives, Liquids Affricates
What is the name of the speech error in which a student produces [s] with the tongue tip between the front teeth?
Lisped
If someone has trouble with gagging or swallowing, what cranial nerve may be effected?
10, Vagus
What are the dorsal sounds?
/k, g, h, ŋ, w/
What are the back vowels?
/u, ʊ, o, ɔ, ɑ/
By ___ years a preschooler typically is 100% intelligible in connected speech, though speech errors may still occur?
4 years
What is the name of the speech error in which a student produces [s] by raising the part of the tongue located behind the tongue tip?
Bladed
If a client has poor intra-oral pressure, what cranial nerve may be effected?
7, Facial
What are the manners in the Obstruents class?
Stops (plosive), Fricatives, Affricates
How many sounds (not including diphthongs) do the 5 vowels make?
10 /i, ɪ, ʊ, u, ɛ, ə, ɝ, ɔ, æ, ɑ/
Advances in expressive vocabulary, morphology, and syntax ________ during the preschool years?
May both strengthen and challenge a child’s speech abilities
What is the name of the speech error in which a student inserts a vowel between the consonants in a consonant cluster?
Epenthesis
If a client has irregular tongue movement, what cranial nerve may be effected?
12, Hypoglossal
What are the manners in the Sonorants class?
Nasals, Liquids (Laterals and Rhotics), Glides
How many diphthongs are there?
5 /ɑɪ, ɑʊ, oʊ, ɔɪ, eɪ/