I got your back
Which part of the vertebral column is mainly used for the rotation of the head. (Like nodding, and shaking, or looking around)
What does the erector spinae group do?
keep the spine straight, and control forward bending
Which ligament limits excessive flexion and connects adjacent spinous processes
Interspinous ligaments
Which bone is located on the thumb-side of the forearm?
Radius
Atlanto-Occipital joint allows the head to do what?
Nod "Yes", allows flexion, extension and slight lateral flexion.
The quadratus lumborum (QL) is located where?
Lower back, on either side of the lumbar.
decreases the angle between vertebral bodies anteriorly.
Flexion (bending forward)
What are the 5 classifications of bones?
Long, Short, Irregular, sesamoid, flat
Facet Joints
When performing a bird-dog (extending one arm and the opposite leg while on hands and knees), which deep spinal muscle works segment-by-segment to stabilize individual vertebrae against rotation?
The multifidus muscles attach directly to the spinous processes of individual vertebrae.
Bending the torso directly to the left or right side.
lateral flexion
How many false ribs do we have?
3 (7-10)
What can disc herniation lead to?
Numbness, weakness and pain.
Which deep muscle located in the lower back, connecting the lower ribs, lumbar vertebrae, and top of the hip bone is heavily recruited to prevent the pelvis from sagging toward the floor during a side plank?
Quadratus Lumborum (QL).
Why: The QL connects the top of the pelvis (iliac crest) to the lumbar spine and lower ribs. In a side plank, the lower QL contracts laterally to hold the pelvis in alignment and prevent hip sagging.
During a gymnastics backbend, this ligament prevents the spine from extending too far backward.
Anterior Longitudinal ligament (ALL)
Bones need to be strong enough to support your entire body weight when jumping, but light enough so you can move easily. How does the internal structure of a bone (spongy bone vs. compact bone) solve this design problem?
Compact Bone: A dense, hard outer shell that provides structural strength and resists bending/twisting forces.
Spongy/Cancellous Bone: honeycomb-like inner mesh. It absorbs shock and reduces the overall weight of the bone so muscles don't have to work as hard to move the skeleton.
Which muscle pulls the spine and shoulder blades to maintain a good posture?
Rhomboids. (superficial)
Alex, a 22 year old weight lifter, experienced a sharp pain in his lower back while executing a heavy deadlift with improper form (rounding his lower back during the lift)
His symptoms include dull, aching pain to the lower back on both sides of the spine and increased pain when standing up straight or extending the torso backward.
Which major back group was primarily strained during the deadlift?
The erector spinae muscle group
This ligament connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae, helps the spine return to its neutral position after flexion.
Lingamentum flavum
If bones were made only of soft collagen protein without calcium, what would happen when you tried to stand up?
Bones would be rubbery and flexible like cartilage but, they would bend under your body weight, making it impossible to stand upright.