Bony Anatomy
What's the largest sesamoid bone?
patella
List the muscles that make up the quads.
-vastus lateralis
-vastus medialis
-vastus intermedius
-rectus femoris
What is commonly referred to as a "dashboard injury"?
PCL sprain
What makes up the Q angle?
lines that bisect the patella relative to the ASIS and the tibial tubercle
Which meniscus is C-shaped?
medial meniscus
What forms the trochlear groove?
femoral condyles
Where does the gastrocnemius attach?
calcaneus
What injury comes from a sudden, powerful quad contraction?
patellar tendon rupture
Name two locations that girth measurements should be taken.
-joint line
-level of the tibial tubercle
-belly of the gastroc
-2 cm above the superior border of the patella
-8-10 cm above the joint line
Name one type of meniscal tear.
-vertical
-transverse
-peripheral
-bucket-handle
-parrot-beak
-flap
Where does the patella articulate?
trochlear groove
Which muscle performs external rotation of the tibia?
biceps femoris
What injury occurs when the tibia is externally rotted and a valves force occurs at the knee?
ACL sprain/tear
What's the difference between straight instability and rotary instability?
straight: unstable in a single direction
rotary: unstable in a combination of directions
Where is blood supply the best in the meniscus?
periphery (red-red)
-pull of quads and patellar tendon
-depth of femoral condyles
-shape of patella
Which two muscles involved in knee flexion attach at the pet anserine?
-gracilis
-sartorius
What's the difference between Osgood-Schlatter disease and Larsen-Johansson disease?
OS: repeated allusion of patellar tendon
LJ: excessive pulling on the inferior pole of the patella, less visible due to fat pads
Which Apley's test will there be no pain present if it is positive?
Apley's distraction
Where does the LCL arise from and attach to?
arise: lateral femoral condyle
attach: fibular head
What are the cardinal and accessory movements of the knee?
Cardinal: flexion and extension
accessory: gliding, rolling, rotation
Which hamstring muscles also perform internal rotation?
semimembranosus and semitendinosus
What injury is caused by a softening and deterioration of the articular cartilage?
chondromalacia patella
What do Apley's distraction & compression tests test for?
Meniscus injury
Which ligament joins the anterior portion of the MCL and LCL together?
transverse ligament