Quotables
What does this excerpt show about the Islamic Golden Age?
‘It is extraordinary that one should be able to find, in such far western regions, aromatics and spices that only grow in the Far East, like pepper, ginger, cloves, nard, costus and galingale. These plants are all imported from India, where they grow in abundance. . . .’—Ibn Fadlan, Ibn Fadlan and the Land of Darkness: Arab Travellers in the Far North
Wide reaching trade routes provided luxury items to the every day Islamic people.
What does this excerpt show about the long-term effects of the Arab Empire, including its effects on today’s world?
The rediscovery of Aristotle’s works by this route decisively changed the European mind. Navigational devices such as the astrolabe made possible the voyages of discovery to east and west. Newton’s work would have been inconceivable without the knowledge of mathematics transmitted through Spain. —R.A. Fletcher, Moorish Spain, 1993
That the ideas were have about the ancient world are false. In fact the Arab world's contributions to science and technology spurred advancements in the sciences that have allowed us to create modern inventions.
Received revelations from God transmitted by the angel Gabriel.
Mohammad
Muslims are credited in mathematics for
The use of the number 0
The development of algebra
What essentially caused the Islamic Golden Age?
trade with faraway countries
What does this excerpt reveal about Muslim scholarship during this time period?
Barmakid viziers not only sent envoys to India to bring back medicines, texts, and scholars, but they also promoted Islamic engagement with the East. To this end they supported the translation of Sanskrit texts into Arabic so that this material would be accessible to Muslim scholars. Within this project one early focus was Indian astronomical literature. Three major textual traditions are known to have been translated in the eighth century and these Indian traditions were subsequently to shape Muslim calendrical and astronomical sciences for centuries. Muslim scholars were also interested in Indian medical knowledge, as evidenced in Ali ibn Sahl at-Tabari’s mid-ninth-century compendium of medicine and natural philosophy, the Paradise of Wisdom. —Johan Elverskog, Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road, 2010
Scholars were actively seeking information through study and trade.
What were the key events in the rise and fall of the Umayyad dynasty?
Rise: Good diplomacy and expansion of the empire.
Fall: financial troubles, size of the empire, Sunni and Shia split
A revolt against the Umayyads was led by Sunni Muslim split.
Hussein
The Shia Muslims are different from Sunni Muslims because Shia Muslims
accept only descendants of Ali as true rulers of Islam
What was a scientific contribution of the Islamic scholars?
the astrolabe, the nature of contagious diseases, diseases can be spread through water, algebra, use of 0, mapped star, calculated length of a year,
According to this excerpt, what was the impact of the Silk Road on culture and knowledge in the region during this time period?
Barmakid viziers not only sent envoys to India to bring back medicines, texts, and scholars, but they also promoted Islamic engagement with the East. To this end they supported the translation of Sanskrit texts into Arabic so that this material would be accessible to Muslim scholars. Within this project one early focus was Indian astronomical literature. Three major textual traditions are known to have been translated in the eighth century and these Indian traditions were subsequently to shape Muslim calendrical and astronomical sciences for centuries. Muslim scholars were also interested in Indian medical knowledge, as evidenced in Ali ibn Sahl at-Tabari’s mid-ninth-century compendium of medicine and natural philosophy, the Paradise of Wisdom. —Johan Elverskog, Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road, 2010
The constant interactions amongst traders rapidly spread information and exchanged cultural elements amongst their people.
What cultural and geographic changes occurred during the Abbasid dynasty compared to the Umayyad dynasty?
Rise of Baghdad as a center of trade. Influence of Persian culture including seeing merchants, farmers, and judges as ideal citizens. Acceptance of non Arab Muslims.
Built the Dome of the Rock shrine in Jerusalem.
Abd al-Malik
How were Islamic scholars able to learn from the ideas of the ancient Greeks?
They translated ancient Greek writings into Arabic.
An artistic style that uses repetitive geometric patterns is the
arabesque
What does this excerpt show about the city of Baghdad during the height of the Arab Empire?
Every household was plentifully supplied with water at all seasons by the numerous aqueducts which intersected the town; and the streets, gardens and parks were regularly swept and watered, and no refuse was allowed to remain within the walls. . ..” —Ali Ameer, History of the Saracens, in Readings in Ancient History: Illustrative Extracts from the Sources, Vol. I,
It was an advanced civilization
What does this excerpt show about the city of Baghdad during the height of the Arab Empire?
Every household was plentifully supplied with water at all seasons by the numerous aqueducts which intersected the town; and the streets, gardens and parks were regularly swept and watered, and no refuse was allowed to remain within the walls. . ..”—Ali Ameer, History of the Saracens, in Readings in Ancient History: Illustrative Extracts from the Sources, Vol. I, Eds.
It was an advanced civilization.
He expanded the empire by suppressing political and religious uprisings following Mohammad's death
Abu Bakr
Muhammad’s belief that he had received final revelations from Allah is a key event in what faith?
Islam
Define minaret
Tower on a mosque where the muezzin makes the call to prayer
According to this excerpt, the Medina Charter allowed for
The Charter recognised the customs of the Mohajerin, the Ansar, who were together known as the believers, as well as the customs of the various Jewish tribes of Medina, who joined the Charter. According to a clause of the Charter, in the event of a war, the believers were to redeem their prisoners with kindness and justice. In addition, some Jewish clans were treated as one community with the believers. The Charter provided that Jews were free to apply their law and customs according to their religion…—Hossein Esmaeili, Irmgard Marboe and Javaid Rehman, The Rule of Law, Freedom of Expression and Islamic Law, 2007
religious toleration
This excerpt shows that the Arabic language
No clearer proof is needed: the Arabic language is not only the third of a series of conquests by Arabs of others, after the victories of arms and Islam. It was the first conquest, of themselves by themselves, and without it the others would never have happened. . ."—Tim Mackintosh-Smith, Arabs: A 3,000-Year History of Peoples, Tribes and Empires, 2019
The language unified people.
What is a muezzin?
The person who calls Muslims to daily prayers.
Where did the concept of Allah originate?
early Arabs’ polytheistic beliefs
Mrs. Horvat's favorite candy bar.
Twix