A saw-tooth pattern on an ECG between the T and P waves
What is atrial flutter?
Continuous waveform capnography
What is the best way to determine correct placement of an ET (endotracheal) tube?
Medication used in anaphylactic shock
What is Epinephrine?
Preferred IV fluid in the emergent phase of burn care
What is Lactated Ringer's solution?
The principle that guides health care decisions
What is autonomy?
Used to treat brady- or tachycardia with an abnormal rhythm. The patient must be sedated.
What is cardioversion?
A common cause of metabolic alkalosis
What is over use of antacids / vomiting (loss of gastric juices) / Potassium wasting diuretics
The three "B"s of autonomic dysreflexia
What are bladder distension, impacted bowel and breakdown of skin?
Procedure to release pressure build up in muscle and subQ tissue
What is a fasciotomy/escharotomy?
The principle that dictates treating every person with the same level of care
What is justice?
A palpable irregular pulse
What is the pulse characteristic of atrial fibrillation?
Predisposing factors for respiratory acidosis
What is neuromuscular disease or chest trauma?
Increased respiratory rate
What is an early indicator of shock?
Adjuvant therapy with opioids, NSAIDs, analgesics and consistent use of a pain rating tool
What are effective pain management strategies for a burn patient?
To do good
What is beneficence
Medication that increases blood flow to the myocardium. Used after oxygen is applied and chest pain continues, when an active MI is suspected.
What is nitroglycerin?
pH = 7.5
CO2 = 30 HCO3 = 24
What is uncompensated respiratory alkalosis?
Widespread vasodilation and relative hypovolemia
What are assessment findings for distributive shock?
Sequestering of sodium and water in the interstitial fluid
What are fluid and electrolyte shifts that occur during the early emergent phase of a burn injury?
To do no harm
What is nonmaleficence?
What is bradycardia?
Decreasing Pa O2 levels despite increasing oxygen administration
What is hallmark sign of respiratory failure / need for intubation?
Progressive dysfunction of two or more organs. This can occur after any severe injury or illness.
What is MODS - Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome?
4 ml x TBSA (%) x body weight (kg); 50% given in the 1st 8 hours after injury; 50% given in the next 10 hours after injury
What is the Parkland formula for fluid replacement?
Understanding the diagnosis; the proposed treatment; knowing the risks and benefits of treatment; alternative treatments and their risks and benefits; and the benefits / risks of declining treatment.
What is informed consent?