Respiratory Disorders
A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that results in intermittent and reversible airflow obstruction of the bronchioles.
What is asthma?
This is a medication delivery system that allows clients to self-administer safe doses of opioids.
What is patient-controlled analgesia?
The test shows the patient's average blood sugar levels over the past 90 days and is expressed as a percentage.
What is HbA1c?
range: 6.5% to 8% (target <7%)
A nurse is caring for a client who has a serum potassium 5.4 mEq/L. The nurse should assess for which of the following manifestations?
A. ECG changes
B. Constipation
C. Polyuria
D. Hypotension
What is A?
-can result in arrythmias
Inflammation of a vein; usually associated with acidic or alkaline solutions or solutions that have a high osmolarity.
What is phlebitis?
This disorder is characterized by the loss of lung elasticity and hyperinflation of lung tissue. It also causes destruction of the alveoli, leading to a decreased surface area for gas exchange, carbon dioxide retention, and respiratory acidosis.
What is emphysema?
This method is a systematic approach to pain assessment that helps nurses gather detailed information about how patients experience pain.
What is P-Q-R-S-T?
Excessive thirst due to dehydration.
What is polydipsia?
Excessive sweating, diuretics, wound drainage, and nasogastric tube suction of gastric contents are associated with this electrolyte imbalance.
What is hyponatremia?
(sodium level < 136 mEq/L)
The leaking of vesicant drugs into surrounding tissue. Can cause extensive tissue damage, necrosis, disfigurement, loss of function and even amputation.
What is extravasation?
A nurse is preparing to administer a new prescription of prednisone to a client who has COPD. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect(s)? (SATA)
A. Hypokalemia
B. Tachycardia
C. Fluid retention
D. Nausea
E. Black, tarry stools
What is A, C, and E?
A nurse is discussing pain assessment with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following should the nurse include?
A. Most clients exaggerate their level of pain.
B. Pain must have an identifiable source to justify the use of opioids.
C. Objective data are essential in assessing pain.
D. Pain is whatever the client says it is.
What is D?
This insulin is administered 30 to 60 minutes before meals to control postprandial hypoglycemia.
What is regular (short-acting) insulin?
Tetany is the most common manifestation seen in clients with this electrolyte imbalance.
What is hypocalcemia?
This complication of peripheral I.V. therapy occurs when fluid or medications leak into the tissue surrounding the insertion site. Signs and symptoms include swelling, discomfort, and blanching of the skin.
What is Infiltration?
This occurs when a substance (solid, gaseous, or liquid) enters venous circulation and forms a blockage in the pulmonary vasculature .
What is pulmonary embolism?
This type of pain is usually intense, shooting, burning, or may be described as "pins and needles."
What is neuropathic pain?
Insulin injection sites are rotated to prevent this complication.
What is lipohypertrophy?
This electrolyte imbalance can be seen in Celiac disease or Crohn's disease and clients may exhibit depressed mood, apathy, or agitation.
What is hypomagnesemia?
Order: 1000 mL D5NS; run 100 mL/hour.
Available: macrodrip (20 gtt/mL); microdrop (60 gtt/mL)
What is 33 gtt/min. and 100 gtt/min?
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who is having an acute asthma attack. Which of the following assessments indicates that the respiratory status is declining? (SATA)
A. SaO2 95%
B. Wheezing
C. Retraction of sternal muscles
D. Pink mucous membranes
E. Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs)
What is B, C, and E?
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving opioid analgesia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as adverse effects of analgesics?
A. Urinary incontinence
B. Diarrhea
C. Bradypnea
D. Orthostatic hypotension
E. Nausea
What is C, D, and E?
This complication of diabetes is due to damage to sensory nerve fibers resulting in numbness and pain.
What is diabetic neuropathy?
This electrolyte imbalance is associated with excessive thirst, dry mucous membranes, hyperthermia, tachycardia, restlessness, nausea and vomiting.
What is hypernatremia?
(serum sodium > 145mEq/L)
The 11 rights of medication administration.
What are: right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time, right reason, right assessment, right education, right to refuse, right evaluation, right documentation.