Atomic Structure
What part of the atom makes up most of its volume?
electron cloud
The modern periodic table is arranged by what property?
increase the atomic number
What type of bond forms when electrons are shared?
covalent bond
What are the substances you start with in a reaction?
reactants
What pH value is neutral?
7
What particle determines the identity of an element?
the number of protons
What do elements in the same group have in common?
similar chemical properties and number of valence electrons
What type of bond occurs when electrons are transferred?
ionic bond
What law states that mass is neither created nor destroyed?
Law of Conservation of Mass
What ions increase in concentration in acidic solutions?
Hydronium H3O+ or hydrogen H+ ions
Which atomic model has electrons in fixed orbits around the nucleus?
Bohr model
Which side of the periodic table contains the nonmetals?
right side
What makes metallic bonds different from others?
pooled/sea of electrons
What type of reaction is the opposite of decomposition?
Synthesis
What is a solution with a pH of 13 considered?
strong base
What subatomic particles are located in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
Also known as "semiconductors" these elements lie along the zig-zag line?
metalloids
What does a Lewis Dot Structure show?
What is the purpose of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
It lowers the activation energy and thus speeds up the reaction.
What increases solubility rate of a solid in water?
crushing, stirring, heating
What did Rutherford’s gold foil experiment reveal about the atom?
Atoms are mostly empty space with a dense and small nucleus
Why do noble gases rarely form bonds?
They have a full set of electrons on the outer shell
What kind of bond is formed between water molecules?
hydrogen bond
What is the name of the theory explaining how particles must collide to react?
collision theory
What happens to solubility of gases when pressure decreases?
decreases