Imperialism
Which 1885 meeting set the requirements for European imperialism in Africa?
Berlin Conference
Name the WAR and PEACE TREATY that required Germany to take the blame for the war and pay high reparations.
World War I
Treaty of Versailles
What two ideologies and countries were on opposite sides of the Cold War?
USA & capitalism
USSR/Soviet Union & communism
Where were pro-democracy protests in 1989 that were violently crushed by the Chinese government?
Tiananmen Square
What is a long-term impact of the Arab-Israeli conflict that began in 1948?
The creation of Israel displaced Palestinians, leading to wars and ongoing disputes over land and sovereignty.
What natural resources made Africa a target for European imperial powers?
Rubber, gold, diamonds, and oil
How did the outcomes of the battles of El Alamein and Stalingrad shift the momentum of WWII?
Turning Points in favor of the Allies in both Africa and Eastern Europe.
What plan helped rebuild European economies after WWII and stop the spread of communism?
Marshall Plan
What contributed to the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991?
Economic problems, nationalism, and Gorbachev’s reforms led to political fragmentation and independence movements.
What role do organizations like the UN, WTO, and OPEC play in world affairs?
manage global trade, diplomacy, and resource distribution, reflecting economic and political connections.
What caused the Sepoy Mutiny (Indian Revolt of 1857)?
British insensitivity to Indian religious customs (rifle cartridges greased with animal fat)
Name 2 acts of aggression that led up to World War II in Europe
Germany building up the military
German annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia
Italian invasion of Ethiopia
Spanish Civil War
Rape of Nanjing (Nanking)
The Cuban Missile Crisis and buildup of nuclear weapons were part of what "race" in the Cold War?
The Arms Race
What were the causes and effects of ethnic conflicts in Rwanda and Bosnia?
Ethnic tensions and political instability led to genocide and international intervention, prompting calls for human rights protections.
How did computers and satellites contribute to globalization?
Increased communication, trade, and information sharing worldwide.
After the Opium Wars, what were the areas where Europeans had economic control of China called?
Spheres of Influence
What happened to the Romanov and Hapsburg Dynasties after World War I?
Both empires collapsed and broke up
Romanov - Bolshevik Revolution
Hapsburg - new countries created
Which event symbolized the end of the Cold War. It marked the collapse of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe and German reunification.
fall of the Berlin Wall
What happened to colonies around the world after World War II?
they gained independence, sometimes through diplomacy, sometimes through violence and conflict.
What to Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, and Golda Meir have in common?
first female leaders
Gandhi - India
Thatcher - Britain
Meir - Israel
What was a common cause of the Opium Wars, Indian Revolt of 1857, and Boxer Rebellion?
Resistance to British and European imperialism —opium trade in China, cultural/religious insensitivity in India, and Christian missionaries
What was the Mandate System as described in the Treaty of Versailles?
- divided the Middle East into territories controlled by Britain and France
- took away German colonies
What 2 organizations were created by Western and Eastern nations for mutual defense during the Cold War?
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - Western
Warsaw Pact - Communist/Eastern
What do movements like anti-apartheid and Tiananmen Square protests show about opposition to authoritarian regimes?
These movements demonstrated global calls for democracy and human rights
What are multinational corporations, and how have they affected global economic connections
Companies operating in multiple countries; they increase economic interdependence (connections)