Cat 1
The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed time, measured in bits per second.
Bandwidth
A set of rules that define how devices communicate in a network.
Protocol
A unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.
IP address
A protocol that assigns unique IP addresses and sends data across the Internet.
Internet Protocol (IP)
A network connecting devices in a small area like a home, office, or school.
LAN
A device that forwards data between networks.
Router
These small data files help websites remember sessions and preferences.
cookie
The Internet avoids single points of failure using this principle.
Redundancy
A small chunk of data sent over a network.
Packet
A protocol that ensures all packets are received and properly ordered.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
A security system that monitors and controls network traffic.
Firewall
A system that translates domain names into IP addresses.
Domain Name System (DNS)
A protocol for requesting and sharing web pages.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
A secure tunnel that encrypts Internet traffic for privacy.
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
A system of linked web pages, programs, and media files.
World Wide Web (WWW)
A secure version of HTTP that encrypts data transmission.
HTTPS
The method used to request a web page from a server is usually this.
GET
A network that connects multiple LANs over large geographical areas.
WAN
A process of encoding data to prevent unauthorized access.
Data Encryption
A computer that provides services or resources to other devices on a network.
Server
A 128-bit address system designed to replace IPv4 due to address exhaustion.
IPv6
A device that requests services from a server.
Client
A protocol for fast data transfer without error-checking or retransmission.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
This markup language structures and formats web pages.
HTML
An attack where a hacker tricks a DNS resolver into returning a fake IP address.
DNS spoofing