Vocabulary
Moving from place to place and not settling
nomadic
To develop a specific set of skills for a single purpose (like becoming someone who makes pottery)
specialize
Where did the first permanent human settlements form?
Mesopotamia
True or false: farmers just gave their surplus away to neighbors.
False. They traded with them.
What two rivers surround Mesopotamia?
Tigris and Euphrates
The art of growing crops and raising livestock (farming)
agriculture
An extra amount beyond what is needed
surplus
What was one effect of settling in one place?
Humans built permanent homes.
True or false: one effect of domesticating animals was humans got reliable food, milk, and labor.
True.
What natural resource did Mesopotamia provide that made it a good place for farming?
Fertile soil
The public works system that includes roads, bridges, irrigation, public transportation, etc.
infrastructure
To help grow
Cultivate
During the Neolithic Period, people transitioned from being _______ to settling in _______ societies.
nomadic; agricultural/farming
True or false: when farmers grew more crops than they could use in a season, they built ways to store the surplus.
True! That's how they ended up settling.
What could people do with the items they created after starting to specialize? For example, their jewelry, pottery, and weapons.
They bartered for other things they needed or wanted
To trade goods without using money
barter
Demand by two or more groups for a resource that is in short supply
competition
During the Neolithic Period, communities started ____________ so everyone got their needs met.
Bartering
True or false: Animal domestication led to a decrease in human population due to the spread of disease from the animals.
False. They got sick, but the population didn't decrease.
Why does it make sense that the domestication of plants came BEFORE the domestication of animals?
They trained crops to grow first to be able to farm, then realized animals could be trained to help on the farm.
Cloth or fabric (cotton, spandex polyester)
Textiles
To adapt and use for agricultural and other purposes (like getting animals to raise on the farm)
domesticate
By which geographic feature were wild grains most likely to grow?
Rivers
True or false: domestication of plants and grains came before the domestication of animals.
True.
How did a surplus of materials lead to the spread of ideas and knowledge?
When they bartered with others, they interacted with new people. This lead to ideas being shared.