Ancient Greece Vocab
sporting competition held every four years in honor of Zeus
olympics
a structure that carried water into Roman cities from the mountains
aqueduct
Did Athens have a powerful army or navy? Did Sparta have a powerful army or navy?
Athens-Navy
Sparta-Army
What site was home to government buildings, religious temples, and a marketplace in ancient Rome and served as a spot for socializing and public speeches?
The Forum
What language was spoken in ancient Rome and is the source of many English words today?
Latin
type of government that gives citizens the power to rule themselves
democracy
a 200-year period of peace and stability within the Roman Empire
pax romana
What was the name of Rome’s first written law code, which was displayed in the Roman Forum?
Why did the Greeks create their own city-states instead of a united country during ancient history?
Greek communities were isolated from each other due to the mountains and seas.
What did the Romans build across their empire for 50,000 miles (80,000 kilometers) to improve the travel of armies and trade goods?
roads
types of plays invented by the ancient Greeks as a form of entertainment
comedy and tragedy
artisans, builders, farmers, merchants, and other workers who were not from the oldest families in Rome
plebeians
Who were the Minoans?
The Minoans were expert shipbuilders, who made many artifacts showing marine life (frescoes) and established trade networks across the Mediterranean Sea.
Why did the Romans repeatedly expand the size of their territory?
The Romans wanted to increase their population to boost their tax revenue and the number of soldiers.
How did the Greeks influence ancient Roman mythology?
The Romans adopted and modified Greek religion after learning it from Greek colonies established in Italy.
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were all famous leaders of this field of study
philosophy
wealthy landowners and business owners from the oldest families in Rome
patricians
How did the Romans use the Colosseum during ancient history?
They used it for gladiator fights and battle reenactments.
1. How did the sea affect civilization in ancient Greece?
Many Greeks became fishermen, merchants, and sailors, who found food and traveled to other places along the sea.
How did Rome’s geography affect the people who lived there?
The Mediterranean Sea provided the Romans access to trade routes, and the hills increased the difficulty of an invasion.
city-state in ancient Greece, where a city and its settlements in the surrounding countryside act as an independent state
polis
type of government in which people elect the leaders who govern them
republic
In Athenian democracy, who was excluded from participating in the government?
Women, children, immigrants, and enslaved people were excluded from Athenian democracy.
agriculture
Why did several Roman senators murder Julius Caesar?
Caesar became a lifetime dictator of the Roman Republic, and some senators feared he would declare himself a king.