Westward Expansion
Around 1848 many Chinese immigrants faced discrimination due to nativism. What was the main reason the Chinese immigrants were in California around this time?
Gold
Dorothea Dix led efforts to improve prison conditions and establish separate facilities for what type of inmates?
The mentally ill and disabled
In the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, the Supreme Court stated that -
• African Americans, whether free or enslaved, were not considered U.S. citizens
• African Americans had no legal rights under the Constitution
• enslaved people were considered property
• the federal government could not take property away from citizens
What advantages did the North have?
President Abraham Lincoln and General Ulysses S. Grant provided strong leadership
The North had more factories and could produce more weapons and supplies, as well as an extensive railroad network, canals, and better roads to move troops and goods
The Union had a strong navy that could block Southern ports
Many Southern states passed Black Codes, what were Black codes and how did it affect African Americans
Laws that limited the rights and freedoms of African Americans granted to them by the Thirteenth Amendment
What was one motivation for Manifest Destiny?
• they wanted access to inexpensive land
• there were new trade opportunities in the West
• cities in the East were overcrowded due to rapid population growth
• the nation faced economic challenges
What was the main goal of the women’s rights movement?
To gain equal rights for women
On April 12, 1861, Confederate troops opened fire on a Union fort in South Carolina. What was this Fort called?
Fort Sumter
What advantages did the South have?
President Jefferson Davis and General Robert E. Lee provided experienced leadership
The South was known for its skilled military commanders
Southerners were fighting on familiar land, which helped them defend their territory
Why did Congress impeach President Johnson?
When President Johnson, a Democrat, tried to block Reconstruction efforts, Congress impeached him for violating the law
How did the United States acquire the Oregon Territory?
In a treaty agreement, the United States and Great Britain negotiated ownership of the Oregon territory
Elizabeth Cady Stanton a member of the Women's Rights movement organized what convention where they adopted the Declaration of Sentiments?
The Seneca Falls Convention
In his first inaugural address, President Lincoln emphasized that -
The United States was a permanent union
No state had the legal right to leave the Union
The Union would be preserved at all costs
In 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation what did it declare?
which declared that enslaved people in Confederate states were free; this expanded the purpose of the Civil War into a fight for freedom as well as unity
What is generally known as the Civil War Amendments or the Reconstruction Amendments?
Bonus+300. What were these Amendments about?
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
+300. Freedom, Citizenship, Voter protection
Why were some Americans concerned about the annexation of Texas?
Many Americans were concerned about admitting another slave state to the Union
What ideas did Ralph Waldo Emerson contribute to the Transcendentalism movement?
Ralph Waldo Emerson encouraged people to think for themselves and trust their inner voice
The seceded states formed the Confederate States of America and chose ______________________ as their president
Jefferson Davis
In April 1865, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at what location? (Need the place and state to earn full credit)
At Appomattox Court House, Virginia
Southern states resisted the Fifteenth Amendment by implementing what kind of measures to keep African Americans from voting?
Poll taxes and Literacy tests
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo officially ended the U.S.-Mexican War and required Mexico to give the United States the Mexican Cession. What modern States were included in the Mexican Cession? 3 of the 6 for full credit
California, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico
What are the major contributions of these civil right leaders Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Harriet Tubman
Frederick Douglass, a former enslaved person, published The North Star to share his experiences and speak out against slavery
William Lloyd Garrison edited The Liberator and called for the immediate abolition of slavery
Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin to help people understand the cruelty of slavery
Harriet Tubman led enslaved people to freedom through the Underground Railroad
The Compromise of 1850 was created to ease tensions between Northern and Southern states over the spread of slavery into new territories, As part of the compromise, California was admitted to the Union as a free state to satisfy Southern states, Congress passed another act in the 1850. What was it called ?the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which required the return of escaped enslaved people to their owners without a trial by jury. This angered many Northerners who believed it forced them to support slavery leading to increase support for the abolition movement
In his second inaugural address, President Lincoln spoke about what?
The injustices of slavery and the need for healing and forgiveness among Americans after years of conflict
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867, passed by Radical Republicans, required the south to do what?
Divided the South into 5 military districts and set requirements for Southern states before they could rejoin the Union