Target 1
Describe how Europe’s geography impacted their economy
What Was The continent is a large peninsula with many smaller peninsulas branching out from it. As a result, most land in Europe lies within 300 miles of seacoast which encouraged trade and that caused the economy to grow
Describe what rules of behavior knights followed
What is A knight had to obey his lord, show bravery, respect women of noble birth, honor the Church, and help people. These rules were known as the code of chivalry
Describe how the Magna Carta limited the power of the king in England
What Was it set limits on the king’s power. It sets limits on the king’s ability to impose taxes and forced him to recognize the rights of the people.
Explain how the plague affected trade in Europe
What Is so many people died during the plague that few people were left to buy or sell goods
Concordat
Agreement between the pope and the ruler of a country
How did Charlemagne influence the educational system in his kingdom
What Is He tried late in life to learn to read and write and wanted his people to be educated too. He established a school for the children of government officials
Explain what two main reasons caused European populations to grow
What Was Feudalism made Europe safer
New technology enabled people to produce more food and goods
State how common law helped unite England
What is common law was the same throughout the whole kingdom. It replaced laws that differed from place to place
State how the Black Death spread from continent to continent
What Was it originated in Asia and was spread by rats along trade routes to Europe
Missionary
People who are sent by a religious organization to spread the faith
State what happened in Britain after the Roman armies abandoned the area during the 400s
What Was Soon after the Romans left Britain, the Angles and the Saxons, who were Germanic groups from Denmark and northern Germany, moved in and settled there
State how guilds affected the way medieval townspeople made a living
What Was Guilds controlled all business and trade. They decided the price for products and services, set standards for quality, and established who could join a trade
Explain the royal power progression from William, to Henry II, to John, to Edward I. What were their main contributions?
William: Conquered England and created the Domesday Book
Henry II: Brought common law to England
John: Signed the Magna Carta
Edward I: Established the English Parliament
Describe the major cause of the Hundred Years’ War
What Was the war was caused by a dispute between England and France. The king of England laid claim to large areas of France, but the French wanted the English to leave France
Guild
A group of merchants or craftspeople
Explain what major issue did the kings and popes disagreed on
What Is Kings wanted to appoint their own bishops, but popes used the power of excommunication to force kings to accept papal appointees
Feudalism
Political order; under feudalism, nobles governed and protected people in return for services
Explain how the Crusades changed Christian Europe
What Was the split between Easter and Western Christians became permanent. Western Christians came into contact with cultured Byzantines and Muslims and developed a larger view of the world
Describe what happened to Joan of Arc after the Battle of Orleans
The English captured her, accused her or heresy and being a witch, and then executed her. A later investigation found her innocent of all charges. Much later, she was declared a Catholic saint
Grand Jury
A group of citizens that meets to decide whether people should be accused of a crime
Vassal
A low-ranking noble under the protection of a feudal lord
Explain how Ferdinand and Isabella treated those of Muslim and Jewish faiths
What Is they pressured Muslims and Jewish people to convert to Christianity. Most refused and left Spain
Reconquista
The Christian “reconquest” of the Iberian Peninsula