People
Who was the king during the English Civil War?
Who is Charles I
Name one major cause of the English Civil War.
What is Charles I’s abuse of power, taxation without consent, or religious conflict?
What event in 1642 marked the start of the war?
What is Charles I raising his standard in Nottingham?
What event in 1660 is called the “Restoration”?
The return of the monarchy under Charles II.
Who was king of England before Charles I?
Who is James I?
Who led Parliament’s army to victory?
Who is Oliver Cromwell?
Why did Charles I call the Short Parliament in 1640, and why did it dissolve quickly?
He needed money for war against Scotland, but Parliament refused to grant funds and criticized his policies, so he dissolved it after three weeks.
Why was the Battle of Marston Moor significant?
It was a turning point where Parliament’s forces gained a major victory over the Royalists.
Why did some people want the monarchy to return after Cromwell’s rule?
Because they missed stability, tradition, and feared military dictatorship.
What nickname was given to Parliament’s soldiers?
Who are the Roundheads?
Who became ruler of England in 1653 and took the title “Lord Protector”?
Who is Oliver Cromwell?
What was “Ship Tax” and why did it anger citizens?
What is a tax on coastal towns to fund the navy, imposed without Parliament’s approval?
How did the New Model Army strengthen Parliament’s position?
It was a well-trained, disciplined army loyal to Parliament rather than the king.
What document in 1689 limited the power of the monarchy and created a constitutional monarchy?
What is the Bill of Rights?
Which religious group was often associated with the Parliamentarians?
Who are the Puritans?
This king was restored to the throne in 1660.
Who is Charles II?
Why did Puritans clash with Charles I and the Anglican Church?
Because he enforced strict Anglican practices and seemed to favor Catholic traditions.
What happened to Charles I after he was captured?
He was tried for treason, convicted, and executed.
What change in government resulted from the Glorious Revolution?
England became a constitutional monarchy where Parliament had significant power over the king.
What type of government was established after the execution of Charles I
What is a republic (Commonwealth of England)?
Which monarchs were installed during the Glorious Revolution?
Who is William III and Mary II / William and Mary of Orange
What actions did the Long Parliament take to limit the king’s power?
They passed laws to prevent the king from dissolving Parliament, imposing taxes without consent, and increasing Parliamentary control over the army.
What was the significance of the Battle of Naseby in 1645?
It was a decisive victory for Parliament’s New Model Army that effectively destroyed the main Royalist army and turned the war in Parliament’s favor.
What was the Glorious Revolution and why is it called “glorious”?
The peaceful overthrow of James II in 1688 that installed William III and Mary II, avoiding major bloodshed.
Compare the governments of England under Cromwell and after the Restoration.
Under Cromwell it was a republic (commonwealth) with him as Lord Protector; after the Restoration, the monarchy returned under Charles II.