Emergence of Civilization
beginning about 10000 BCE, this led to the creation of permanent communities
What is the Neolithic Revolution or the birth of agriculture/farming?
The rivers between which Mesopotamian civilizations flourished beginning c. 3500 BCE - 300 BCE
What are the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers?
Early Egyptians began to notice the Nile’s predictable flood pattern and developed this to track the flooding patterns
What is the 365 day calendar?
Right speech, right action, right effort, right mindfulness make up part of this Buddhist doctrine
What is the Eightfold Path?
The Shang are the first "dynasty" of China for which these two types of evidence exist
What are written and material/archaeological?
the first organized states probably emerged in this region, whose name means "land between the rivers"
What is Mesopotamia?
Tensions over water rights often led to open war between the political entities of this early Mesopotamian civilization
What is Sumer?
C. 3000 BCE, this ruler of Upper Egypt united his kingdom with Lower Egypt and became the first Pharoah
Who is Menes?
Harmony in society came from those above setting a good moral example for those below, be it a ruler to his subjects, or a father to his children
What is Confucianism?
According to the Confucian work "The Classic of History", the fall of this dynasty was due to the "lively get-togethers" in the city of Ming Tao
Who were the Xia?
What is the Yellow or the Yangtze?
Following the decline of the Sumerian civilization, the Amorites founded an empire centered on this Mesopotamian city
What is Babylon?
One reason that Ancient Egypt experienced long periods of peace and stability was that it was bordered by these on three sides, which discouraged or made invasion difficult
What are deserts?
What are the Vedas?
"King Wen is on high,
Oh, he shines!
Zhou is an old people,
The leaders of Zhou became illustrious,
Was not [it] timely given
King Wen ascends and descends
On the left and right of Shungdi."
The above quote from the Zhou poem "The Classic of Odes" discusses/describes this concept
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
What is the Indus River Valley/"India"?
Amorite king of Babylon who consolidated control over Mesopotamia by promulgating a written legal code - today it is the oldest known in existence
Who is Hammurabi?
Another reason that Egypt remained peaceful internally was the plentiful supply of this
What is water?
"One’s duty, though defective, is better than another’s duty well performed. Performing the duty prescribed by nature, one does not incur sin…Learn from me…how one who has obtained perfection attains the Brahman, which is the highest culmination of knowledge.”
How the above quote from the Hindu text Bhagavad Gita provides justification for the caste system
What is doing one's role in the appropriate caste, even poorly, is less sinful than doing a role from another caste?
Following his victory over the other Warring States, Qin Shi Huang consolidated his hold over China by standardizing these
What are weights, measures, written script?
Today, researchers believe the decline of the early Indus Valley civilization was due to one or both of these events
Following Sumer and Amorite Babylon, at least three more empires that would control Mesopotamia up to 100 BCE
Who are the Assyrians, Persians, Chaldeans, Macedonians, Romans, etc.?
The ancestors of the ancient Egyptians probably came from two of these three possible regions/areas
What are the Arabian Desert, Nubian Desert, and/or Mesopotamia?
Animism is assigning spiritual qualities to this
What is elements of nature?
the Han civil service system was technically this, as one's place in it was determined by success on a civil service exam, not birth
What is a meritocracy?