Systems of the Body
What is known as the "alarm" system: it involves the brain, spine, and nerves
Nervous system
What is the BIG difference between the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic has no nucleus and the DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm
Eukaryotic has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
What are the 4 biomolecules?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
What does the nucleus hold in eukaryotic cells?
DNA (genetic code)
What is the cell membrane made of?
carbohydrates, phospholipid bilayer (2 layers), cholesterol, proteins
What system deals with blood being pumped around the body?
Circulatory system
What do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell membrane
What are the 4 Biomolecules made up of?
Carbohydrates --> monosaccharide
Lipids --> Glycerol & Fatty Acid
Proteins --> amino acid
Nucleic Acids --> nucleotides
Name the organelle in a cell that have ribosomes attached
Rough ER
Is the membrane solid?
NO ! Its semi-permeable
What is the difference between the endocrine and the excretory systems?
Endocrine --> hormones: helps you grow
Excretory --> deals with disposing waste
What's the big difference between an animal and plant cell?
plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls
What are the functions of the biomolecules?
Carbohydrates --> fast source of energy and structure
Lipid --> long term structure and part of the cell membrane
Protein --> muscle building and can act as enzymes
Nucleic Acid --> can code for traits and directs cell activities
Name the organelle in a cell that synthesizes proteins
Ribosomes
What is Osmosis ?
Water traveling through the membrane from high to low
What is the Integumentary system and what does it do?
the skin: helps protect organs, keeps water in, maintains
What is cell theory?
- The cell is the smallest living unit in all organisms
- All living things are made up of cells
- All cells come from other pre-existing cells
Which biomolecule is composed of amino acid subunits linked by peptide bonds and serves structural, enzymatic, and transport functions within an organism?
protein
What does the Golgi Apparatus do?
sorts, processes, packages, and delivers proteins and lipids throughout the cell
What are the 2 ways of transport and how do they differ?
Active --> uses ATP (energy) and goes from low to high
Passive Transport --> no use of ATP (energy) and goes from high to low
The female reproductive and endocrine systems work interactively for which main purpose?
A To maintain homeostasis by removing waste products from the body
B To release neurotransmitters during times of stress
C To control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy
D To exchange gases to support cellular aerobic respiration
C To control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy
A student isolates a group of cells and observes that they contain a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts. Which organism did these cells most likely come from?
A) A monarch butterfly
B) A white button mushroom
C) A sugar maple tree
D) A streptococcus bacterium
C) A sugar maple tree
What type of a biomolecule is an enzyme?
Proteins
What is the powerhouse of the cell and what does it do?
Mitochondria- generates energy for the cell in thr form of ATP
If I had a molecule moving through the cell membrane via the phospholipid bilayer, what specific transport am I using?
Simple diffusion