Progressive Era
19th Amendment
The constitutional amendment ratified in 1920 that granted women the right to vote in the United States.
Trench Warfare
A type of combat in which opposing troops fight from deep trenches, often leading to stalemates and harsh living conditions, particularly prevalent during World War I.
Dust Bowl
A severe drought and series of dust storms during the 1930s that affected the Great Plains region of the United States, leading to agricultural devastation and mass migration of displaced farmers.
Causes of WWII (give 1)
Aggression by Axis powers, Treaty of Versailles resentment, economic instability, and rise of totalitarian regimes.
Space Race
A competition between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War to achieve significant milestones in space exploration, including lunar landings.
18th Amendment
The constitutional amendment ratified in 1919 that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States, leading to Prohibition.
Panama Canal
A man-made waterway completed in 1914 that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, facilitating maritime trade and navigation.
Hoovervilles
Shantytowns that emerged during the Great Depression, named after President Herbert Hoover, where homeless people lived in makeshift shelters and faced dire economic conditions.
Pearl Harbor
A U.S. naval base in Hawaii that was attacked by Japanese forces on December 7, 1941, leading to the United States' entry into World War II.
Anti-War Movement
A widespread protest movement against U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, advocating for peace and civil rights.
Child Labor Act
Legislation aimed at regulating and restricting the employment of children in various industries to protect their welfare and ensure education.
Isolationism
A foreign policy stance advocating for a country to remain neutral and avoid alliances or entanglements in international conflicts, particularly prominent in the U.S. before World War II.
New Deal
A series of programs and policies implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the 1930s to address the economic hardships of the Great Depression, focusing on relief, recovery, and reform.
Women and African Americans' Role in WWII
Women took on industrial jobs and military roles; African Americans served in segregated units and worked for civil rights.
Iran-Contra Affair
A political scandal in the 1980s involving the secret sale of arms to Iran to fund Contra rebels in Nicaragua, bypassing congressional restrictions.
W.E.B. Du Bois
An African American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist who co-founded the NAACP and advocated for the advancement of Black Americans and the fight against racial discrimination.
Espionage Act of 1917
A U.S. law that made it a crime to interfere with military operations or support U.S. enemies during World War I, including prohibiting spying and the dissemination of false information.
Social Security Act
A U.S. law enacted in 1935 that established a system of old-age benefits, unemployment insurance, and assistance for the disabled and needy, forming the foundation of the modern welfare state.
Navajo Code Talkers
Native American soldiers who used the Navajo language to create an unbreakable code for secure military communications during WWII.
Watergate Scandal
A political scandal involving a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters and subsequent cover-up by President Nixon's administration, leading to his resignation in 1974.
Square Deal (FDA)
A domestic program proposed by President Theodore Roosevelt that aimed to ensure fairness for workers, consumers, and businesses, focusing on conservation, controlling corporations, and protecting consumers.
Wilson's Fourteen Point Plan
A proposal by President Woodrow Wilson in 1918 outlining his vision for a just and lasting peace after World War I, emphasizing self-determination, free trade, and the establishment of the League of Nations.
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
A government agency established in 1933 to provide insurance for bank deposits, protecting depositors' savings and promoting stability in the financial system
Executive Order 9066
A presidential order signed in 1942 that authorized the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
A landmark legislation aimed at eliminating racial discrimination in voting, ensuring African Americans and other minorities could exercise their right to vote.