Properties of Matter
What is the law that says matter is neither created nor destroyed?
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass
What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
F = ma
What is a tool scientists use to classify stars by color and temperature?
H-R Diagram
What is primary succession?
The development of life in an area with no previous life, like lava or rock.
What force keeps planets in orbit?
Gravity
In a chemical reaction in a closed system, the mass of the products will be ______ the mass of the reactants
Equal to
If a 2 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s², what is the net force acting on it?
6N
Where would a hot, bright star be located on the H-R diagram?
Top left
What is secondary succession?
Regrowth after a disturbance like fire or flood.
What causes a roller coaster to slow down at the top of a loop?
Friction and gravity
A reaction starts with 20g of oxygen and 10g of hydrogen. What is the total mass after the reaction?
30 g
A heavier object requires more ______ to move it.
Force
What is the correct life cycle of an average star like the Sun?
Nebula → Protostar → Main Sequence → Red Giant → White Dwarf)
Which type of succession happens after a volcanic eruption?
Primary succession
What does a food web show that a food chain doesn’t?
Multiple feeding relationships
Why does balancing a chemical equation show conservation of mass?
Because it shows that atoms are rearranged, not lost or gained
In a race, which athlete experiences greater acceleration: 60 kg with 120 N or 40 kg with 120 N?
(40 kg athlete)
Which stars have the shortest life span?
Massive stars
Why does biodiversity increase as succession progresses?
More niches and habitats become available
If energy decreases by 90% at each trophic level, how much energy remains at the 3rd level from 1000 J?
10 J
Identify the chemical reaction that shows mass is conserved: Fe + O₂ → Fe₂O₃, explain your answer
equal atoms on both sides
Explain how Newton’s Second Law applies to seatbelts in a car crash.
Force applied to your body is reduced when the belt slows acceleration
Why are cool, dim stars in the bottom right of the H-R diagram?
Low temperature and low brightness
Compare the pioneer species in primary vs. secondary succession.
Primary: lichens/mosses, Secondary: grasses and weeds
What is an example of competition for abiotic resources?
Plants competing for sunlight or water