Cell Cycle
What is the reason that cells divide?
growth, tissue repair, and reproduction
What type of relationship is exhibited when one organism benefits, while the other is harmed?
parasitism
What is a recessive trait?
A trait that can be masked, or hidden, by a dominant one.
List the four macromolecules.
proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids
What term refers to a group of organisms from the same species
population
What are the four main stages of the cell cycle?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Give an example of mutualism.
(answers will vary)
Define what it means for an organism's genetics to be heterozygous for a specific trait.
the genotype has 2 different alleles
What are the three elements found in all macromolecules?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What is the difference between autotrophs (producers) and heterotrophs (consumers)?
autotrophs create their own food, while heterotrophs acquire food from the environment
The process of uncontrolled replication of cells leads to the formation of what?
cancer
How does commensalism differ from mutualism?
Compare genotype and phenotype.
genotype - organism's allele combination
phenotype - organism's trait expressed by genotype
List the monomer, or building block, of each macromolecule.
protein - amino acids
carbohydrates - monosaccharides
nucleic acids - nucleotides
lipids - glycerol and fatty acids
What level of ecological organization contains the most biomass, or amount of available energy?
producers
A haploid cell contains this number of chromosomes.
23
What is the term used to describe when two organism use the same resource in an environment?
competition
What are the two types of homozygous allele combinations?
dominant (AA) and recessive (aa)
Give an example of each macromolecule.
(answers will vary)
What common rule is named after the amount of energy that passes from one trophic level to the next?
10% rule
In which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?
prophase I
Explain the effects of a large and carnivorous invasive species on its new environment.
- increased competition amongst carnivores
- decreased consumer populations
- increase producer population
Black hair is the dominant hair color (B), in relation to brown. If parent one is homozygous recessive and the other parent is heterozygous, what is the distribution of the genotypes and phenotypes.
genotypes:
Bb 50%, bb 50%
phenotypes:
black 50%, brown 50%
What two macromolecules can be found within the cell membrane?
lipids and proteins
When a species of organisms that create their own food begin to decrease in population within a food web, what happens to the population of other species?
- the primary consumers will decrease (and subsequent consumers)
- primary consumers will have to search for new producers for energy