Rise of Stalin
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union before Stalin?
Vladimir Lenin
What was Stalin's policy regarding socialism?
Socialism in one country i.e. not trying to spread it
When did the first Five Year Plan start and end?
1928 - 1932
Give one example each for heavy industry and light industry
coal oil, iron, steel etc.
clothing, shoes, furniture etc.
What do historians continue to argue about in regard to the Holodomor in Ukraine?
Whether it was a famine or attempt at genocide
The leading rival of Stalin in the 1920s, he was first exiled, then executed in Mexico in 1930
Who is Leon Trotsky?
What is the term for when propaganda is used to create immense admiration and pride of the leader?
Cult of Personality
What did Stalin use as justification for starting the Great Purge?
Sergei Kirov's assassination
Name one material benefit that Soviet citizens gained
Free health service, paid holidays, free education, housing, maternity leave etc.
What is Stalin implying about famine in this quote? "The opinion of The New York Times in November 1932: “The collectivization campaign is of course a ghastly failure. It has brought Russia to the verge of famine.” It means that there can be no doubt, about the successes and achievements of the Five Year Plan."
that there was no famine and the West were making it up
The Russian term for the forced labor camps where Stalin sent at least 1.5 million during the Great Terror.
What is gulag?
Who advocated for a 'Permanent Revolution' in Russia?
Lenin or Trotsky
What policy did Stalin introduce in 1929 and say was a necessary response for collectivisation to succeed?
dekulakisation or liquidation of the kulaks as a class
Why could Stalin truthfully claim that collectivisation was successful when the grain and crop production had decreased?
Because the state continued to acquire the same amount regardless
Why is it difficult to trust historians even if they visited/lived in the USSR?
Because their experience was intentionally warped by the Soviet gov and many were shown only the positives during their visit
S
Zinoviev and Kamenev
Why was Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) flawed? Need both name and explanation of the problem
Scissor crisis where agricultural prices would plummet as industrial costs increased leading to food shortages
Who was Nikolai Yezhov and why was he purged?
NKVD Chief who did Stalin's 'dirty work' and knew too much
Who was Alexei Stakhonov?
What controversial claim did Nikita Khrushchev make in his 1956 'secret speech' to the Party Congress?
That Stalin had been behind Kirov's murder and responsible for the repression and terror that followed
1. Told Trotsky it was a day early than actually was so he didn't try to come
2. Made a speech when he approached Lenin's body
Who did Stalin entrust to implement the planning for his 1st Five Year Plan and how were they supposed to do it?
Gosplan who would set targets/quotas
Dedication to socialism --> dedication and fighting for your country/motherland
How did peasants respond to collectivisation and what did they do?
Resisted it and burnt crops/slaughtered animals
In Animal Farm, the pigs changed the last commandment of Animalism to "All animals are......"
All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.