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He utilized vertical integration to dominate the steel industry and later became a leading philanthropist.
Andrew Carnegie
This movement was started by farmers to combat high railroad rates and the gold standard.
Populist Movement
This law aimed to "Americanize" Native Americans by breaking up tribal lands into individual plots.
This term refers to the rapid growth of cities, a major trend between 1862 and 1924.
Urbanization
This French term describes the government’s "hands-off" approach to the economy during much of the Gilded Age
This term was used by critics to describe powerful industrialists who used ruthless tactics to eliminate competition and exploit workers.
Robber Barons
These investigative journalists exposed corruption in business and government, helping to spark the Progressive Era.
Muckrakers
This infrastructure project, completed in 1869, relied heavily on Irish and Chinese immigrant labor to connect the East and West coasts.
Transcontinental Railroad
Founded by Jane Addams, these centers provided social services, education, and healthcare to poor immigrant neighborhoods.
Settlement Houses (e.g., Hull House)
This Progressive-era president was known as the "Trust Buster" for his use of the Sherman Act to break up harmful monopolies.
Theodore Roosevelt
While Carnegie and Rockefeller built empires, this group of "New" Immigrants often provided the low-wage labor that fueled the Gilded Age.
immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe
This Progressive-era amendment finally granted women the right to vote in 1920.
19th Amendment
This 1890 event is often cited as the symbolic end of the Plains Indian Wars.
Wounded Knee Massacre
This law was the first major federal legislation to restrict immigration based on a specific nationality.
Chinese Exclusion Act
This progressive era amendment created the first federal income tax.
16th Amendment
Name one major difference between the Knights of Labor and the AFL regarding their membership.
The Knights of Labor included both skilled and unskilled workers (and women/African Americans), while the AFL focused only on skilled craft workers.
This 1862 Act provided 160 acres of free land to settlers who moved West and improved the land for five years.
Homestead Act
These overcrowded, often unsanitary apartment buildings were the primary housing for the urban poor during the Gilded Age.
Tenements
This 1890 law was the first federal attempt to prohibit trusts and monopolies that restrained trade.
This federal amendment allowed for the direct election of senators.
17th Amendment