Breathing Emergencies
What type of medication is used for asthma attacks?
inhaler with or without a spacer
What should you do when caring for a person with a knocked-out tooth?
pick up the knock-out tooth only by the crown (whiter part), place in either milk or injured-person's own spit, refer to dentist immediately
What does RICE stand for?
R-rice, I-immobilize, C-cool, E-elevate
What is the treatment for diabetic emergencies?
If injured person can swallow safely, have person ingest sugar
What are the three types of heat emergencies?
Heat Exhaustion, Heat Stroke, Heat Cramps
What type of medication is used for anaphylaxis?
epinephrine auto-injectors
Should you ever remove an impaled object?
impaled should remain in place unless it prevent treatment for a life-threatening condition
From where should you approach a head, neck, or spinal injured person?
From the front, advise to not nod/shake head, only verbal answers
Actively dry the baby with a clean cloth
What are some signs and symptoms of absorbed poisons?
rash or hives, burning or itching skin, blisters, burns
What should you do before using medication for asthma?
Shake the inhaler and remove the cap
What type of injury should you apply a cold pack wrapped in a towel?
What types of injuries are slings and tube-slings used for?
Arm, shoulder, or collarbone injuries
What are some of the signs and symptoms of diabetic emergencies?
changes in level of responsiveness
change in behaviour, such as confusion or aggression
rapid breathing
cool, pale, sweaty skin
appearance of intoxication
seizures
What is the first step in treating frostbite?
Remove anything that may restrict blood flow to the affected area; only thaw the area if sure that it will not freeze again. Use warm (not hot) water or body heat
How do you treat hyperventilation?
encourage person to take controlled breaths by breathing in slowly, holding breath for a few seconds, then gradually exhaling
How long should you flush the eye if exposed to a chemical?
15 minutes with water
When applying a splint you should:
Check the person's circulation below the site of the injury
What are the signs and symptoms of seizures?
uncontrollable muscle movement
drool or foaming at the mouth
uncontrolled repetitive motions
an altered level of responsiveness
What are signs and symptoms of heat stroke?
skin = dry, hot
physical = seizures, coma, severe headache
mental = altered behaviour, irritable, aggressive, bizarre
breathing = rapid, shallow
What 4 things must you check prior to administering medication for anaphylaxis?
Has the person been exposed to a known allergen?"
Is it prescribed to the injured person?
Is it expired?
Is the fluid in the window cloudy or clear?
When does a wound require stitches?
the edges of the skin do not fall together
the wound is more than 2.5 cm (1 in) long
the wound is near a joint or is on a hand or foot
the wound is on the face
When should you call EMS/9-1-1 for a head, neck, or spinal injury?
You should always call EMS/9-1-1 if you suspect a head, neck, or spinal injury
What should you do if a person is delusional?
Accept that the person's delusions are real to them and do not dismiss it
What should you do when removing a tick?
grasp the tick's head as close to the person's skin as possible, bag, and take to local health unit