Patterns of stars in the sky that form images like the Big and Little Dipper
What is a constellation?
100
Lowest layer of the Sun's atmosphere and the layer from which light is given off.
What is the photosphere?
100
A graph that shows the relationship between a star's temperature and absolute magnitude. Used to classify stars.
What is the H-R Diagram?
100
The galaxy where we find the Earth, Sun, and our Solar System.
What is the Milky Way?
100
You are able to determine this when you measure the parallax of a nearby star.
What is the distance from Earth?
200
A measure of the amount of light that a star actually emits
What is absolute magnitude?
200
Largest layer of the Sun's atmosphere where charged particles continually escape and move through space as solar wind.
What is the Corona?
200
Stars that fall into the diagonal band from the upper left to lower right of the graph. This band shows that hotter stars produce more light.
What is the main sequence?
200
The theory that states that the universe began 12 to 15 billion years ago with a fiery explosion.
What is the Big Bang Theory?
200
The process in which two atoms of an element are combined into one and the leftover mass is converted into large amounts of energy.
What is nuclear fusion?
300
A measure of the amount of light from a star that is received on Earth.
What is apparent magnitude?
300
Areas of the Sun's surface that appear darker because they are cooler in temperature.
What are sunspots?
300
Formula created by Albert Einstein that explains how stars generate energy. Shows how the leftover mass when two atoms are combined is converted into vast amounts of energy.
What is E=MC^2
300
The type of galaxy that we live in and the type of our closest neighbor galaxy Andromeda.
What is a spiral galaxy?
300
The element produced in most stars after the two atoms of the most abundant element is combined into an atom of this element.
What is helium?
400
The color of a relatively cool star.
What is red or orange?
400
The color of the Sun.
What is yellow?
400
The element that is combined in the core of most of stars to form energy.
What is hydrogen?
400
When a galaxy is moving toward the Earth it shifts toward this color.
What is a blue shift?
400
This is the last stage of a low mass star. It occurs after the star becomes unstable and loses most of it's mass and atmosphere into space. The hot dense core that remains after the atmosphere was lost into space.
What is a white dwarf?
500
Unique rainbow band of light emitted from every star that tells scientists about the star's temperature, composition, and age.
What is a spectrum?
500
When two stars orbit each other they make up this type of system.
What is a binary system?
500
When a high mass stars explodes in a supernova it becomes either of one of these.
What is a black hole or neutron star?
500
This occurs when light from a star or galaxy shifts toward a color we can tell if it is coming toward Earth or moving away.
What is a Doppler Shift?
500
By looking at these black lines on a star's spectrum we are able to determine the composition of the star.