State and Local Basics
This is the institutions through which a land and its people are ruled, which includes the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.
Government
This is a form of gov’t in which most, if not all, legal power is located in the Central/National gov’t
Unitary gov't/arrangement
This is a primary election which voters can choose on the primary election day which party’s primary to vote in.
Open primary
These are organizations that raise and distribute campaign funds to candidates for elective office; they sometimes generate TV ads that are controversial too!
political action committees, PACs, or superPACs
This amendment to the U.S. Constitution outlines that, any powers not given to the federal gov't by the Constitution, nor blocked from the states, belong to the states or to the people
10th Amendment
Ratification of an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, such as the 19th Amendment, requires the official support how many states?
35 or 3/4ths of the states
This arrangement of gov't power, as exemplified by the U.N., the E.U., and the former USSR, maintains strong power for subnational authorities, with a weaker central gov't
Confederal arrangement or confederation
This is a primary election in which only those voters who registered with the party a specified period before the primary election day can participate.
Closed primary
One alternative to the dominant system of campaign finance is the general approach of _______________ in which tax dollars are used to pay for public services, projects, or political campaigns.
Public funding (might accept "clean elections")
At the state level, lobbyists wishing to lobby state legislatures must register with what specific office?
Secretary of State (for the state)
Statements seek to prescribe how things should be valued, what should be, what is good or just, and what is better or worse; this opposed to careful scientific observation are know as this:
Normative
These grants are a form of financial aid from one level of government to another for use in a broad, functional area. Often, the recipient has broad discretion when utilizing these fund
Block grants
When no single candidate received a majority of the votes cast in an election, states like Georgia will hold a ___________ to determine a clear winner.
Runoff election
This 2010 Supreme Court case and its ruling lets companies and labor unions spend unlimited money on political ads, provided they do not coordinate directly with a candidate.
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
In terms of federal gov't means of coercion aimed at compliance from the states, ________________ are often imposed via legislation, offering no financial assistance to the states.
Unfunded mandates
This is anything a government chooses to do OR not to do; a purposive course of action or inaction in dealing with a public problem.
Public policy
This is the provision in Article IV, Section 2, of the Constitution stating that a state cannot discriminate against someone from another state or give its own residents special privileges
Privileges and Immunities Clause
The tendency of a winning (or losing) presidential candidate to carry state candidates of the same party into office is known as this:
Coattail effect
These are nonprofit, tax-exempt political orgs set up to accept contributions and make expenditures in campaigns, although not explicitly connected to candidates
527 groups
This concept refers to features of social organizations, such as networks, norms, and trust that facilitate action and cooperation for mutual benefit.
Social capital
These are powers granted by the U.S. Constitution to both the national and the state gov'ts.
Concurrent powers
This is the process by which various individual protections in the national Bill of Rights were (one-by-one) applied to the states --> via the 14th Amendment
Selective Incorporation
This is is a state election provision that allows candidates to run on more than one party ticket.
Fusion
Money set aside when a state’s finances are healthy for use when state revenues decline is called this:
Rainy day funds
These grants are a competitive funding mechanism that awards monies based on performance or the strength of an applicant government’s proposal.
Project grants