Infection Control
Destroys all microbial life
Sterilization
Name the 3 parts of a hair strand
Cuticle, cortex medulla
What is one of the main reasons Cosmetologists should have an understand of skin, nail and scalp structures.
During a consultation when the Cosmetologist is analyzing whether or not the hair is straight, wavy, curly or coily what are they considering about the hair
the pattern
Best definition for finger angle
The angle the stylist holds their fingers when cutting the line that creates the end shape of the hair
What item prevents direct contact between the client and the chemical cape
Neck strip
What is the advantage of having a dual hair and skin career
potential for a larger client base
Why should gloves me worn while performing a waxing service
to avoid contact with bloodborne pathogens
What is the hard protective plate that protects the tips of fingers or toes
Natural Nail
Mainly used to remove VISIBLE dirt
Cleaning
Why is performing a scalp massage during a shampoo service important?
It removes any built-up sebum, dirt, environmental debris and product buildup
What are the three layers of the skin and where are they located
Epidermis- top layer we see
Dermis- middle layer where blood vessels nerves, sweat and oil glands and hair structure lives
Subcutaneous- fatty tissue under the dermis that gives the body contour
If a Cosmetologist is analyzing the diameter of hair what must they consider
Whether the hair is coarse, medium or fine
what is it called when the stylist combs the hair away from its natural falling position and what does it achieve
over direction and it maintains length
A client wants to straighten their coarse hair, they mention their hair is often frizzy. Client is hesitant to make a permanent change what service can we recommend
Keratin Treatment
What are the typical characteristics of an esthetician?
mind and body focused
A client has sensitive skin, a low tolerance for pain and prefers all natural products What would be the best hair removal option for this client?
Sugaring
What part of the natural nail plate protects the tips of fingers and toes
Nail plate
Rules and regulations are...
more specific than laws
During which part of a three-part client service process does the Cosmetologist disinfect implements?
Pre-service
What is the hard protective plate that protects the tips of the fingers or toes
Natural nail
How do we describe Co-styling
The client is performing techniques on their hair at home
What are the two types of guidelines in haircutting and what do they do
traveling- moves around the head
stationary- all hair is brought to the guide
What hair type will take the longest to process
Coarse texture with low porosity
What is the benefit of using a facial steamer
softens skin tissue to make them more receptive to moisturizers and treatment products
Which procedure should be avoided when removing facial hair
Depilation
list disposable tools used in all nail service
cotton, files, buffers, orangewood sticks
Define transmission
they all reside in different places and affect humans in different ways
We have a client in for a haircut, what are key questions we need to ask during the consultation?
What is their goal for their hair (expectations)
what do they like/dislike about their hair now
what is their home routine
how do they style/if they style their hair at home
Technical term for the nail
Onyx
What is the most appropriate brush to use if the client is looking for a beveled edge to the ends of their hair
Styling brush
How often should our shears be disinfected
After each client
A client wants their hair to look like they have gone to the beach. To give the client a color that looks lighter and brighter we should use colors that have "blank" tones because they "blank"
Warm tones because they reflect more light
What is a lesion
structural changes in the tissue caused by damage or injury
What condition results in excessive hair growth of the underarms and groin
Hirsutism
When disinfecting a jetted foot bath how long should we run the jets with disinfectant in it
10 minutes or as indicated on product label
The differences between DIRECT and INDIRECT transmission
Direct- requires contact with another person
Indirect- does not require contact with another person
We notice a client has an abrasion on their scalp, they are begging you to still color their, how should we proceed?
Answers may vary but should include..
not continuing service
refer to medical professional if sever
tell them we can proceed when it is healed and why we can't work on them
Which layer of the epidermis forms unique fingerprints and footprints and is only located on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Stratum Lucidum
What are some considerations/ questions to ask your client that is in for an updo/special event hair style
Where is the event located
what time of day/season
what does their outfit look like
what do they envision
ask for inspo pics
If coarse hair is sticking out when cut to short it is an example of what role in haircutting
Texture
How do chemical relaxers work?
increase the hairs pH to an alkaline state which raises the cuticle and allows relaxer to penetrate the cortex where restructuring happens
What is the purpose of an ultrasonic spatula
exfoliation
whats the shortest hair sugaring can be effectievly
0.12
Name the 3 different nail tips with wells and what they do
Full well- covers the entire apex and covers more than 1/2 the nail
partial well- exposes more of the nail (most common)
well-less well- no well at all and can be placed at any point of the nail where it fits best
Most bacteria are considered to be what
Nonpathogenic
What is the appropriate draping for a chemical service
Neck strip
towel
chemical cape
towel
List the LIVING portions of the hair that live under the skins surface
Hair follicle
Dermal papilla
What dryer attachments are there and how do we use them
Concentrator nozzle- directs the air stream to the hair more intensely and keeps the cuticle down.
Diffuser- allows air to come out softer and helps accentuate or keep natural curl definition
When cutting hair what are things we have to take into consideration
the texture and density, curl pattern, tension and shrinkage, how the client styles their hair
What are the 3 types of end wraps and how are they placed
Double flat wrap- end paper on both sides of the ends
Single wrap- end paper only places on top of the ends
Bookend wrap- one end paper folded over the ends
Why would a Cosmetologist use a rotary brush
to cleanse and lightly exfoliate the skin giving it a smoother appearance and even coloration
What is the proper technique to remove artificial lashes
gently pull from the outer corner parallel with the eye
What is the technical term for athletes foot
Tinea Pedis
How do we characterize inflammation
Redness
heat
pain
density
texture
growth patterns
condition
What are the two parts of a strand of human hair
The root and shaft
What type of clips are better for longer hair and what is best for thicker hair
Longer- duckbill
thicker- croc clip or butterfly
What is the most appropriate blade to choose when point cutting
Short blades
What active ingredient causes a higher frequency of curl revision
Ammonium Sulfate
What are the two types of glands in the skin and what do they produce
Sebaceous glands- Oil/sebum
Sudoriferous glands- Sweat
What are the three types of permanent hair reduction
photoepilation, electrolysis and laser hair removal
What is the chemical reaction called when we mix monomer liquid and polymer powder called
Polymerization
sale of chemicals used on the job
Name reasons why Cosmetologists should understand shampooing, conditioning, and basic scalp care
gives opportunity to convey we are professionals who tend to client needs
we examine the scalp for any contraindications
knowledge about product selection allows us to make appropriate recommendations for home care
Which part of the living portion of the hair is defined as the structure in the skin or scalp that surrounds the hair root and anchors the hair in the skin
Hair follicle
What are the key features in blowdry styling aids
style retention
control
enhance texture
add shine
smoothing
some can add heat protection
To execute a clients desired look a stylist must remove large sections from the clients straight thick hair, which type of shears is best for this task
Chunking shears
What type of haircolor uses and alkalizing agent to lighten and deposit color simultaneously
Permanent haircolor
Which layer of the epidermis forms unique fingerprints and footprints and is only located on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Stratum Lucidum
What is the difference between depilation and epilation
depilation is removal at the skin level. epilation removes the hair from below the skin
What are the two types of gels used on nails and what are they used for
Hard gel- tradition gels used to build extensions. non porous so a drill must be used to remove
Soft gel- aka soak off gel, used as an overlay not strong enough to build long extensions, most come pigmented.
OSHA is most likely to be involved in regulating this
disposal of chemicals used in the workplace
explain the term co-wash
conditioner and water used as an in-between or before shampoo service
Name the two types of melanin and what color they are
Pheomelanin- red and yellow
Eumelanin- dark brown to black
Name all 5 parts of the marcel curling iron
Shell
Rod
Shell handle
Fixed handle
Swivel
When shears are properly held what does that look like
the thumb is placed in the grip of the moving blade, the ring finger is placed in the stationary bland and the pinky is rested in the tang
Alkaline Waves
How do we describe hypertrichosis
growth of hair in areas that usually only grow vellus hair (example- facial hair on a women)
When should a cosmetologist avoid light treatments
if the client has epilepsy
How do we clean and store dappin dishes
wipe clean with acetone on a disposable towel and store in a covered dust free location
What would the EPA be most likely to be involved in regulating
safe manufacturing of chemicals in the workplace
What kind of water is considered to be damaging to hair and why is it damaging
Hard water- contains minerals that reduce the ability for shampoo to lather, it can dry out and change the hair color
The fiber that gives skin its flexibility and elasticity
Elastin
Name the temperatures that are safe for fragile, fine, medium, coarse and coily hair
fragile- 250
fine- 300
medium- 350
coarse- 375
coily- 400
Name the two different ways shears are made and how they are made
Casted- pouring molten steel into a mold
Forged- made by hammering or pressing hot metal into its final shape
What is the recommended perm for extremely porous or very damaged hair
True acid wave
How can we tell someone has a primary or secondary lesion
primary will be different color than the surrounding skin
secondary will have an accumulation of material (scabs, flaking, ect) on the surface
What is hypertrichosis
it occurs in areas of the body what typically only grows vellus hair
OSHA mandates the use of proper ventilation while using nail products. what is the name of the ventilation system used while doing nail services
Local source capture ventilation system