State of Matter
What are the three common states of matter that we usually see?
Solids, liquids, gases.
What is the name of the change from solid to liquid?
Melting.
Is ice an example of a solid, liquid, or gas?
solid
What is one sign that a chemical change has happened (for example, you see bubbles, a color change, or smell a new odor)?
Possible answers: bubbles/gas forms, color change, new odor, temperature change, light produced, precipitate forms.
Hillary measured 1 cup of water and found it was 154 g154 g. What unit did she use to measure the mass?
Grams
Which state of matter has a definite shape and definite volume?
solid
What is the name of the change from liquid to gas?
Evaporation (or boiling)
Name one everyday liquid and one everyday solid.
Example answers: Water (liquid), rock or pencil (solid).
Describe why stretching a rubber band is a physical change.
Rubber band stretches and returns; material shape changes but the substance is the same.
If a measuring cup of water has mass 154 g154 g, is that the mass or the volume of the water?
Mass
Which state of matter takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume?
liquid
What is the name of the change from gas to liquid?
Condensation
Give one example of a gas you breathe every day.
Oxygen (or nitrogen/air).
A campfire is burning wood. What type of change is taking place.
Chemical change
If you put a small amount of powder on a scale and the scale reads 53 g, what does that tell you about the powder?
The mass of the powder is 53 g
Which state of matter has particles that move freely and spread out to fill the whole container?
gas
Name two properties that might change during a physical change.
Shape, size, state (solid/liquid/gas), texture, appearance
Identify whether fog is mostly tiny liquid droplets or a gas.
Fog is mostly tiny liquid droplets suspended in the air.
When milk sours, is that a physical or chemical change?
Chemical change — bacteria and chemical reactions change milk; evidence: sour smell, texture change, possible gas.
If you measure the mass of an empty container, then add a powder and measure again, how do you find the mass of only the powder?
Subtract the mass of the empty container from the combined mass (final − initial).
Name the state of matter that is like a charged gas found in stars and neon signs.
plasma
Describe what happens to particles during melting and freezing (one or two sentences)
During melting, particles gain energy and move more freely, breaking some bonds so the solid becomes a liquid. During freezing, particles lose energy and slow down, forming a fixed structure as the liquid becomes a solid.
Explain why a helium balloon floats in the air (one or two sentences).
Helium is lighter (less dense) than the surrounding air, so the balloon experiences an upward buoyant force and floats.
A farmer mixes two clear liquids and a cloudy solid forms. Explain what likely happened and why the farmer observed a new solid.
chemical change
Hillary measured 1 cup1 cup of water as 154 g154 g and 14 cup41 cup of salt as 53 g53 g. After dissolving the salt into the water and stirring until it could no longer be seen, what mass should she measure for the water-plus-salt mixture?
207 g (because 154 g+53 g=207 g154 g+53 g=207 g).