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B
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D
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100

1. (MCQ) Which of the following is not one of the four main elements of a state?

 a) Government

b) Population

c) Territory

d) Religion



Answer: d) Religion

100

2. (True/False) The Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years’ War.

  • Answer: True
100

3. (Complete) The branch of government responsible for making laws is called the __________.

  • Answer: Legislative branch
100

4. (MCQ) “Population” in a state refers to:

 a) Its land and natural resources

b) The people who make up the state

c) The laws and constitution

d) The governing authority



  • Answer: b) The people who make up the state
100

(True/False) Society and the state are the same because both are political organizations.

  • Answer: False – Society is a social organization, while the state is a political organization.
200

1. (MCQ) A state is defined as:

 a) A cultural community

b) A political community with a definite territory and government that makes and enforces laws

c) A social organization of families

d) A voluntary association of people



  • Answer: b) A political community with a definite territory and government that makes and enforces laws
200

2. (Complete) Internal sovereignty refers to the state’s power to rule within its __________.

  • Answer: Territory
200

3. (MCQ) Who usually heads the executive branch of a government?

 a) The judge

b) The president or prime minister

c) The mayor

d) The speaker of parliament



  • Answer: b) The president or prime minister
200

4. (True/False) In society, general rules of conduct are called laws.

  • Answer: False – In society, they are called rituals, norms, or habits.
200

5. (Complete) The judiciary’s main function is to __________ and __________.

  • Answer: Interpret laws and administer justice
300

1. (MCQ) The Peace of Westphalia was significant because it:

 a) United Europe under one government

b) Recognized each state’s right to act independently within its territory

c) Created the European Union

d) Ended colonial rule in Africa



  • Answer: b) Recognized each state’s right to act independently within its territory
300

2. (True/False) A nation is always the same as a state.

  • Answer: False – A nation may not always be a state, and a state may not always be a nation.
300

3. (Complete) Sovereignty is the state’s __________ and __________ power within its territorial boundaries.

  • Answer: Supreme and absolute
300

4. (MCQ) Which of the following best describes external sovereignty?

 a) The state’s power to make laws for citizens

b) Freedom from control by other states

c) The government’s authority to enforce the law

d) The citizens’ right to vote



  • Answer: b) Freedom from control by other states
300

5. (True/False) A state can exist without a government.

  • Answer: False – No state can exist without a government.
400

1. How did colonial borders drawn by European powers affect African states after independence?

  • Answer: They grouped different ethnic and cultural groups into single states, causing ongoing conflicts, instability, and tension (e.g., Nigeria, DRC).
400

2. What did Max Weber mean by the phrase “the state has the monopoly over the legitimate use of force”?

  • Answer: Only the state has the legal right to use force or violence within its territory or against other states.
400

3. What is the difference between a fragile state and a failed state?

  • Answer: A fragile state has weak capacity or legitimacy; a failed state has disintegrated and can no longer perform basic government functions.
400

. How did the Rwandan Genocide (1994) highlight the limitations of sovereignty?

  • Answer: The international community did not intervene due to respect for Rwanda’s sovereignty, resulting in mass loss of life.
400

5. Why was the Peace of Westphalia a turning point in political history?

  • Answer: It introduced the principle of state sovereignty and established a political order based on independent states.
500

1. How do colonial borders continue to affect ethnic relations and governance in countries like Nigeria and the DRC?

  • Answer: Arbitrary colonial borders forced diverse ethnic groups into one state, leading to ethnic tension, conflict, and political instability.
500

2. Why does the principle of sovereignty sometimes prevent international intervention in humanitarian crises?

  • Answer: Because respecting state sovereignty limits outside interference, even when human rights violations occur.
500

3. Give one example from the slides of a nation divided across more than one state.

  • Answer: The Korean nation is divided between North Korea and South Korea.
500

4. What is the main difference between a state larger than a nation and a nation larger than a state?

  • Answer: A state larger than a nation contains multiple nationalities (e.g., USSR); a nation larger than a state spreads across more than one country (e.g., Korea).
500

5. Why is it important for teachers of political science to understand the relationship between state, nation, and society?

  • Answer: Because each concept explains different dimensions of political life—legal authority (state), cultural identity (nation), and social relations (society).
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