The Commercial Revolution from 1000 to 1150, where specialized trades grew, followed this invention.
What is three-field crop rotation?
100
1066
What is the Norman invasion of England?
100
Henry II showed his power over the Church when his knights beheaded this bishop in 1170.
Who is Thomas Beckett?
100
This architectural style began with the famous cathedrals of Chartes, Notre Dame, and Rheims in France.
What is Gothic?
100
Germany did not exist during the Middle Ages, but was part of this network of territories.
What is the Holy Roman Empire?
200
Knights were possible after this invention was introduced to Europe in the 700s.
What is the stirrup?
200
1215
What is the Magna Carta?
200
His eye was shot out at the Battle of Hastings.
Who is Harold Godwinson?
200
This body in France, formed in 1302, gave the Church, the nobility, and commoners one vote each.
What is the Estates-General?
200
From 1075-1077, Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV clashed in this controversy over the election of bishops.
What is the Investiture Controversy?
300
Mounted knights were no longer unbeatable after this invention in the High Middle Ages.
What is the crossbow? (What is the longbow?)
300
1337
What is the Hundred Years' War begins?
300
This English king lost battles (including Normandy, 1204) to Philip II of France, and was forced to sign the Magna Carta.
Who is John?
300
This French king conquered Normandy in 1204.
Who is Philip II Augustus?
300
This emperor drowned on his way to the Third Crusade with Philip II and Richard the Lion-heart.
Who is Frederick Barbarossa?
400
This invention made castles less important, lessening the power of lords.
What are cannons?
400
1302
What is Philip IV calls the Estates-General?
400
English kings were the first to tax their lords, listing their holdings in this book.
What is the Domesday Book?
400
This teenage girl helped to change the course of the Hundred Years' War, and secure France's victory, in 1429.
Who is Joan of Arc?
400
At Legnano in 1176, pro-papal forces (Guelfs) defeated imperial knights (Ghibellines) with this weapon.
What is the crossbow?
500
This invention made Bibles more readily available all over Europe, making the ideas of later protests against the Church more influential than those of John Wycliffe and Jan Hus.
What is the printing press?
500
1453
What is the end of the Hundred Years' War?
500
This English king, the grandson of Philip IV, pressed his claim to the throne of France in 1337.
Who is Edward III?
500
In 1305, Philip IV organized the election of a French pope, who moved to this French city.
What is Avignon?
500
Emperors were elected in a process formalized by this 1356 law.