Phases of Matter
What are the three phases of matter that we have discussed in class?
solid, liquid, and gas
Melting is the transition from a ___________ to a ____________.
Solid to a liquid
Freezing is the transition from _____________ to ____________.
Liquid to solid
Kinetic energy is the energy of ___________.
movement or motion
What is the freezing point of water? You can use any temperature scale.
32 degrees F, 0 degrees C, 273 degrees K
When the temperature is cooled to 0K or absolute zero
Name one phase change in which particles gain thermal and kinetic energy.
melting, boiling/evaporation, or sublimation
Name one phase change in which particles lose kinetic and thermal energy.
Freezing, condensation, or deposition
Which phase of matter has the most kinetic energy?
What the three scales we can use to measure temperature?
Fahrenheit, Celcius, Kelvin
solid
Describe the change in particle behavior when particles go from liquid to solid.
The particles slow down and get closer together.
The particles speed up and spread out.
List the phases of matter in order of decreasing kinetic energy. Hint: start with the most KE and end with the least.
gas, liquid, solid
What is the boiling point of water? You can use any temperature scale.
212 degrees F, 100 degrees C or 373 degrees K
Describe the particle behavior of a liquid.
The particles are moving among each other, but do not have enough energy to spread out in the container like a gas.
The particles move much faster and spread out as far as the container will let them.
Describe how the motion and spread of particles change during condensation.
The particles slow down and stay closer together than they did as a gas.
How do we measure the kinetic energy of a substance? Hint: What happens if you rub your hands together really quickly?
temperature/heat
What is the name for the temperature at which all particle motion stops?
absolute zero
What two things do we need to know about the particles to understand what phase of matter a substance is?
speed and how spread out they are
When a liquid boils, why do the particles speed up?
The thermal energy applied by a burner (or somthing similar) is converted into kinetic energy that makes particles move faster.
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid is referred to as __________________________.
freezing point
How do particles transfer kinetic energy to one another?
colliding
Temperature