2.3 - Structure of Ionic Solids
According to Dalton, all matter is composed of this
What are atoms?
In a metal structure, positively charged ions are surrounded by what?
a "sea of electrons"
What does "brittle" mean?
How do gas molecules move?
Freely and randomly.
What is the ideal gas law formula?
PV=nRT
What classifies atoms as different elements?
What are different properties and compositions?
What are a "sea of electrons"
Delocalised, freely moving electrons
How do molecules (in terms of movement) behave in a solid
Vibrational degree of freedom
If CO2 is gas at room temperature and H2O is liquid at the same. Which has the higher melting point?
What is volume's affect on pressure?
They are inversely Related (as one goes up, the other goes down)
Ionic bonds are between what? (Define them as well)
What is a cation and an anion? (Cation is a positively charged ion and anion is negatively charged ion).
What are the properties of a metal? (3, Luster is not one)
- Malleable (bendable)
- Ductile (Can be pulled into a wire)
- Good conductors
How well do molecular solids conduct electricity?
Bad conductors in all forms
If it has a definite volume, but NOT a definite shape, it is a..
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures formula?
Ptotal = PA + PB + PC + … (So on for all compounds present)
Describe a crystal lattice structure (3)
Arranged alternating positive and negative atoms
Most electronegative is the biggest
Stronger bonds make higher lattice energy and boiling/melting points
Name one of the four most common smaller atoms for institutional alloys?
C, N, H, or B
What type of solid is Calcium Fluoride
Ionic Solid
Particles keep their chemical identity in their states but change....(3)
Volume, density, and interparticle distances.
3.4 atm (5.8-2.4)
In J.J Thomas charge to mass ration (e/m = -1.76 x 10^8 C/g)
What is e, m and c?
(e - charge on the electron)
(m - electron mass in grams)
(c- coulombs per kilogram)
Describe how an alloy with Ni and B would look like
Ni with B fitting in between spaces (institutional alloy)
What type of solid is Nicotine (C₁₀H₁₄N₂)?
Molecular Solid
Name the fourth state of matter?
Plasma
If the mole fraction for N2O in an CH4 and N2O sample is .60 with a total atm of 4.5 atm, what is CH4 atm?
1.8 atm CH4 (1-.6 = .4 mole fraction of CH4. .4 x 4.5 = 1.8 atm CH4)