Properties of a Solid, Liquid, Gas
Shape and Volume of a Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Solids have a definite shape and volume, Liquids have a no definite shape but have a definite volume, Gases have no definite shape or volume.
What are attractive forces in matter?
Attractive forces are the forces that hold particles together in solids, liquids, and gases.
Name the process where a solid turns into a liquid.
melting
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
How does pressure change with an increase in temperature of a gas?
If temperature increases, pressure increases.
Movement of the particles in a solid, liquid, and gas
Solid particles vibrate in place, liquid particles can slide past each other, gas particles move around randomly at high speeds
Which state of matter has the strongest attractive forces?
Solids have the strongest attractive forces between particles.
What do we call the process of a liquid turning into a gas?
vaporization
What occurs when thermal energy is added to a substance?
When thermal energy is added, the temperature of the substance increases, and particle motion becomes more rapid, and attractive forces weaken.
How does pressure change with a decrease in temperature.
If temperature decreases, pressure decreases.
Ability to compress a solid, liquid, and gas
Solids and liquids are hard to compress, but a gas is easy to compress
How do attractive forces change during melting?
During melting, attractive forces weaken as particles gain energy and move apart.
Name the process where a gas changes to a liquid.
Condensation
What happens when thermal energy is removed?
The temperature of the substance decreases, particles slow down, and attractive forces increase.
What happens to the pressure of a gas when its volume is doubled?
The pressure of the gas decreases if temperature remains constant
How are the particles spaced out in a solid, liquid, and gas
solids have particles that are very close together, liquids have particles that are close but can move past each other, gases have particles that are very far apart.
Describe how attractive forces influence gas behavior.
In gases, attractive forces are weak, allowing particles to move freely and independently.
Name the process where a liquid changes to a solid
Freezing
When thermal energy increases, the number of particles...?
Does not change.
What are all the ways pressure can increase.
By decreasing volume, adding particles, or increasing temperature if a substance.
Describe why gases are easy to compress.
Gases can be compressed because their particles are far apart and have space to move into when pressure is applied
What happens to attractive forces of particles during freezing?
The attractive forces get stronger as particles slow down and get closer together
Describe what occurs during freezing including thermal energy, motion of particles, and attraction.
During freezing, thermal energy decreases, causing particles to slow down and come together causing attraction to increase.
How does thermal energy affect the state of matter?
Adding or removing thermal energy can change a substance's state (e.g., melting, boiling)
What are all the ways pressure can decrease.
By increasing volume, removing particles, and decreasing temperature.