Vocabulary
The measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object
Temperature
This state of matter has a fixed volume and fixed shape
Solid
The change from liquid to gas that occurs at the surface
Evaporation
Any liquid or gas whose particles can move past one another
Fluid
The collisions of gas particles with the walls of a container cause what?
Pressure
This theory states that all matter is made of particles that are in constant motion
Kinetic Molecular Theory
In which state of matter do particles have enough energy to overcome forces holding them together
Gas
The process of a solid changing directly into a gas
Sublimation
A change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid (a principle)
Pascal's Principle
The relationship between pressure and volume when temperature is constant. (a law)
Boyle's Law
The upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object
Buoyant Force
Matter that is composed of charged particles with extremely high kinetic energy
Plasma
The process that requires removing energy to change a gas directly into a solid
What is deposition
A hydraulic lift has a small piston area of 0.05 m2 and large piston has 0.5 m2. If a car weighing 900 N is lifted, what input force is required?
90N
A gas has a volume of 4 L at 2 atm. What will the volume be at 4 atm?
2 L
The SI unit of pressure
Pascal
What happens to particle motion as temperature increases
Move Faster/More Kinetic Energy
During a heating curve, what happens to temperature during a phase change
Remains Constant
An object displaces 3 m3 of water (density = 1000 kg/m3). What is the buoyant force?
29,400N
A gas at 300 K and 3 L is heated to 600 K. What is the new volume?
6 L
The term for the energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid without changing temperature
Heat of Fusion
The phase of matter that exists near absolute zero, where atoms behave as a "super atom"
Bose-Einstein Condensate
What two factors determine whether a phase change occurs when energy is added or removed
Temperature and Intermolecular Forces
A submerged rock weighs 42N in air and 38N in water. What is the buoyant force?
4N
A gas has a pressure of 2 atm at 300 K. What will the pressure be at 450 K?
3 atm