All About Energy.
The ability to do work is...
What is energy?
How do two objects that are not in direct contact with each other and have no moving fluid between them transfer thermal energy?
What is radiation?
I am the phase change from a liquid to a gas.
What is vaporization
If a material can transfer thermal energy easily it is a what?
What is a good conductor?
Describe how the particles of thermal energy in a liquid are moving?
The particle of thermal energy in a liquid are moving freely. This allows a liquid to take the shape of its container.
Define kinetic energy.
What is the energy of motion?
There are only two ways objects that are not touching can transfer thermal energy. State the names of the two energy transfer methods described.
What are convection and radiation?
I happen when a solid changes directly to the gas phase.
What is sublimation?
If you have a cork, iron, rubber, and wood which one would likely be a good conductor?
What is iron?
Define the states of matter.
What is the different forms that matter can take under certain conditons.
Define thermal energy.
What is the energy an object has because of the movement of its particles?
Describe the energy transfer that happens by grasping an icy cold handrail with your bare hands on a snowy day?
What is conduction? Thermal energy will flow from your hand into the hand rail.
Define the name of the phase change that occurs when a gas goes directly to a solid. Cirrus clouds, often called "mare's tails", are high-altitude clouds that form when water vapor transforms into ice crystals.
What is deposition?
Why is fleece considered a thermal insulator?
Fleece does not transfer thermal energy easily.
How does a substance's thermal energy determine its state of matter?
The amount of thermal energy that a substance has determines whether its particles have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between them. A solid has only enough thermal energy to allow its particles to vibrate in place. a liquid has enough thermal energy to allow its particles to move around but not break free from another. A gas has enough thermal energy for its particles to completely break free from one another.
Describe the motion of the particles in a solid object.
What are the particles in a solid object are in a fixed position meaning they maintain their position?
Thermal energy always flow from ________ to ________ objects.
What are warm and cold objects.
Name the six portions indicated on a phase change graph?
What is the melting point, boiling point, solid phase, liquid phase, gas phase?
Explain how a woolen blanket helps you to feel warm.
The blanket feels warm because it helps prevent thermal energy transfer from a person's body to the surrounding air.
True or False: The particles in a solid may have more thermal energy than the particles in a gas.
What is false. The particles in a solid have enough thermal energy to vibrate in place but not enough to move.
Explain how it is possible for an iceberg to have more thermal energy than a pot of boiling water.
An iceberg has many more total particles that a pot of water, so even though each particle in the iceberg is greater. It is the average energy of the particles in the iceberg that is less than that of the particles in the pot of boiling water.
Imagine walking barefoot across a hot patio and then driving into a pool filled with cool water. Predict how thermal energy will flow between your feet and the patio concrete and pool water.
Thermal energy will flow from the patio into the person's feet by conduction and thermal energy flowing from their feet into the water is transferred also by conduction.
How are the portions of a phase change graph that indicate the times when added thermal energy is increasing the kinetic energy of a substance's particles shown on a phase change graph?
What are the sloped portions on a phase change graph?
Describe how a thin layer of a thermal insulator can sometimes work better than a thick layer of a thermal insulator. Ex. a thin fleece lined blanket vs. a thick sewn blanket made from yarn.
My particles hold enough thermal energy for me to move around freely but not enough thermal energy to break free from my attractive forces completely. What am I?
What is a liquid?