States of Matter
4
Define density
Density is mass/volume. It describes how tightly packed matter is.
Draw a solid state
Atoms and molecules should be close together but not touching.
Is the following a homogenous solution, or a type of heterogenous mixture? If it is a heterogenous mixture, determine which one.
Gelatin
Heterogenous mixture: colloid
Define Homogenous Solution
In a homogeneous mixture, the particles are dispersed evenly throughout. In other words, a homogeneous mixture is uniform.
Name all the states of matter.
Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
What is more dense, cold water or hot water? Why?
Cold water. The atoms and molecules are closer together and move slower in cold water.
Draw a gas state.
Atoms and molecules should be very far apart moving freely.
Is the following a homogenous solution, or a type of heterogenous mixture? If it is a heterogenous mixture, determine which one.
flour
Heterogenous mixture: suspension
Define Heterogenous mixture
In a heterogeneous mixture, the components are not spread out, or distributed, evenly throughout the mixture.
Explain what the atoms are doing in a solid state.
The atoms are close together and very compact, but they are not touching.
Why does hot air rise?
Hot air rises because it is less dense than the cooler air surrounding it. The atoms and molecules are further apart and are moving a lot faster, causing it to rise.
Draw the difference between a suspension and colloid.
In one drawing, a mesh strainer should catch small particles (suspension). In another drawing, particles should be straining out of the mesh strainer (colloid).
_____ is a type of colloid.
Emulsion
Define Suspension
When suspensions, the components of the mixture will settle into layers. Additionally substance in a suspension can be collected using a fine mess strainer.
Explain what the atoms are doing at a liquid state.
The atoms are further a part and are moving faster than in a solid state.
Why is learning about density important?
If something is very dense, it will sink. If something is not very dense, it will float. For example a brick will sink because matter is so very tightly packed making it dense, but the same mass and size sponge will float because matter is further apart making it less dense. Something with a lot of air pockets is usually less dense. When building a boat, you need to know about density.
Draw what density looks like
You can draw something floating with atoms and molecules further apart, and something sinking with atoms and molecules closer together.
Is the following a homogenous solution, or a type of heterogenous mixture? If it is a heterogenous mixture, determine which one.
Instant coffee
Homogenous solution
Define Colloid
A colloid has particles dispersed throughout the mixture. However, the particles of a colloid are smaller than the particles of a suspension. The particles of colloids are so small that they can pass through most filters and remain spread throughout the mixture.
Explain what electrons are doing at the plasma state.
The electrons are now separated and move independently in a chaotic manner with neutral molecules and charged ions.
During our sugar water experiment, explain what you needed to do to get the colours to layer onto each other.
You needed to use sugar to make each layer slightly denser than the layer above it in order for the sugar water to stack on top of each other. The water that is less dense will float and the water that is most dense will sink.
Draw the difference between a mixture and solution.
In a mixture, substances should be easy to distinguish individually.
In a solution, substances should look like one
Is the following a homogenous solution, or a type of heterogenous mixture? If it is a heterogenous mixture, determine which one.
Canola Oil
Heterogenous mixture: suspension
Define emulsion
An emulsion requires an emulsifier (like an egg) to coat one type of particle in the mixture so that they cannot join to form a separate layer.