Particle Motion
When thermal energy is added to a solid, particles do this faster while staying close together.
What is vibrate?
In this state of matter, particles move freely and quickly with little interaction.
What is a gas?
When energy is removed from a gas, particles move this way.
What is slower and closer together?
True or False: A substance gains thermal energy changing from a liquid to a solid.
What is false?
Particles in a solid are arranged in this type of pattern and are close together.
What is a regular pattern?
Particles in both liquids and gases have this type of pattern.
Particles in both liquids and gases have this type of pattern.
In this state, particles are far apart from each other.
What is a gas?
Adding thermal energy causes particles to spread out because they're moving faster—this is why the balloon does this in hot water.
What is expand/inflate?
When thermal energy is added to matter, particles move this way.
What is faster?
When thermal energy is removed from matter, particles do this.
What is slow down?
When a balloon over a bottle is placed in hot water, the hot water transfers this into the bottle.
What is thermal energy?
This is the key difference in particle arrangement between solids (regular) and liquids (irregular) even though they're both close together.
What is the organization of particles?
In a model, these visual elements should get longer from solid to gas to show increasing particle motion.
What are motion lines?
A good model for states of matter should NOT show particles doing this as they gain energy.
What is getting larger or merging with other particles?
A measure of the kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
What is temperature?
As water changes from ice to liquid to steam, particle movement changes from vibrating in place to this, then to this.
What is limited movement staying close together, then moving freely and quickly?
When a balloon deflates in cold water, the air particles inside are doing this.
What is moving slower and contracting?
When a balloon inflates in hot water, the air particles are moving this way.
What is faster and spreading out?
If you wanted to change a solid to a liquid, you would need to do this to its thermal energy.
What is add thermal energy?
When matter is cooled from gas to liquid to solid, the particle arrangement changes from far apart and irregular, to this, then to this
What is close together and irregular, then close together and regular?