Solids
Fill in the blanks: Solids have a ___ and a ___ shape
Fill in the blanks: Liquids have ___ volume but ___ shape
Definite/Indefinite
Fill in the blanks: Gasses have ____ volume and ___ shape
Indefinite/Indefinite
What is being gained or lost during a phase change?
Thermal energy
What is all matter made of?
Particles/Atoms
Fill in the blank: Solids have the lowest kinetic energy, but the strongest ___? (it's what prevents particles from moving around)
Intermolecular forces
What are the types of forces that limit the mobility of liquids?
Intermolecular forces
Do gas particles have high or low energy?
High
What is melting?
The phase/state change of a solid to a liquid from adding energy in the form of heat.
Are phase changes physical or chemical changes?
Physical
Describe the motion of solid particles
Very rigid, only able to vibrate in place.
Are liquids able to be compressed?
No
What is an ideal gas?
A hypothetical gas that perfectly follows all of the kinetic-molecular theory.
What is the phase change from liquid to gas? What about from gas to liquid? (two answers)
L to G: Vaporization
G to L: Condensation
What measurement does this definition describe? "Measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object"
Temperature
What are the two types of solids? How are they different?
Crystalline Solids: Particles follow orderly geometric patterns
Amorphous solids: Particles arranged randomly
What is capillary action?
Attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid, against the pull of gravity
What do real gasses have that ideal gasses don't?
Intermolecular forces (attractive or repulsive)
What are the two ways a substance can go from liquid to gas?
Evaporation and Boiling
What are the two other states of matter?
Plasma, Bose-Einstein Condensate
In most substances, solids are the densest state of matter. What solid is the exception, where the solid is less dense?
Water
What is the force that pulls adjacent parts of a liquid’s surface together, minimizing the surface area?
Surface Tension
Name at least 4 of the 6 properties of an ideal gas
Expansion, Fluidity, Low Density, Compressibility, Effusion, Diffusion.
What is sublimation?
What is deposition?
(2 answers)
Sublimation: the phase/state change of a solid directly to a gas
Deposition: change of a gas directly to a solid
What is the triple point on a phase diagram?
Indicates the temperature and pressure conditions necessary for a solid, liquid, and gas of a substance to coexist at equilibrium (all three states at once)