Solids, liquids, and gases can be described based on what?
Shape and Volume
100
What is pressure?
The result of a force distributed over an area.
100
The volume of one container containing gas is 250 L at 120 Kelvins. What is the new volume if the temperature increases to 150 Kelvins?
312.5 L
100
What is phase change?
A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state to another.
100
Name 4 out of the 6 phase changes.
Melting, Freezing, Vaporization, Condensation, Sublimation, and Deposition
200
Describe the behaviors and properties of a solid. (Hint: Make sure to include the kinetic theory for solids)
A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. This is because the particles are so close together that they vibrate in a fixed location.
200
What is the SI unit for pressure?
Pascal (Pa) [Often seen as k/Pa]
200
There is 15 L in a container that has the pressure of 150 kPa (kilopascals). What will the new pressure be if the the volume was reduced to 10 Liters?
225 kPa
200
Describe temperature during a phase change.
The temperature does not change during a phase change.
200
What happens to energy during a phase change?
Energy is either released or absorbed during a phase change.
300
Describe the behaviors and properties of a liquid. (Hint: Make sure to include the kinetic theory for liquids)
A liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape. A liquid's volume is constant because the forces of attraction among particles are close together.
300
What the three factors that affect gas pressure?
Temperature, Volume, and Number of Particles
300
A cylinder that contains air at a pressure of 100 kPa has a volume of .75 L. The temperature does not change. What is the new volume?
.25 L
300
When does evaporation take place?
It occurs at temperatures right below the boiling point.
300
What does endothermic and exothermic mean?
Endothermic means that energy is absorbed where as exothermic means that energy is released.
400
Describe the behaviors and properties of a gas. (Hint: Make sure to include the kinetic theory for gases)
Particles in a gas are in constant motion. Gases do not have a definite shape or a definite volume. The forces of attraction among particles can be ignored.
400
What causes the pressure in a closed container of gas?
The collisions between the gas particles.
400
DAILY DOUBLE!!
(Select how many points you would like to wager. If you answer correctly, you will earn that amount. If do not answer correctly, you will lose that amount)
Gas stored in a tank at 273 K has a pressure of 388 kPa. The safe limit for the pressure is 825 kPa. At what temperature will the gas reach this pressure?
400
What is sublimation? Give an example.
The phase change when a substance changes from a solid to a gas. An example is dry ice.
400
What is deposition? Give an example.
Deposition is when a substance changes from a gas to solid. An example is frost on a window.
500
Describe the kinetic theory.
The kinetic theory has to do with an object's motion. It states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
500
What happens when you increase the volume of gas?
The pressure will decrease if the temperature and the number of particles remain constant.
500
At 10 degrees Celsius, the gas in a cylinder has a volume of .25 L. The gas is allowed to expand to .285 L. What must the final temperature be for the pressure to remain constant?
(Don't forget to convert to Kelvins!)
323 K
500
Describe what is happens to the water particles when it reaches boiling point.
As the temperature increases, water molecules move faster and faster. Once it reaches boiling point, the particles have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attraction of other particles.
500
What happens to the particles of water during melting and freezing?
The arrangement of particles becomes less orderly when water melts and more orderly when water freezes.