BASICS OF STATISTICS
a distinct group of individuals, whether that group comprises a nation or a group of people with a common characteristic
POPULATION
the average or the most common value in a collection of numbers
MEAN
a chart that presents categorical data with rectangular bars with heights or lengths proportional to the values that they represent
BAR GRAPH
a function such that f (−x) =−f (x) where the sign is reversed but the absolute value remains the same if the sign of the independent variable is reversed
ODD FUNCTION
the complete set of possible values of the independent variable
DOMAIN
a subset containing the characteristics of a larger population
SAMPLE
the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample
MEDIAN
a bar graph-like representation of data that buckets a range of outcomes into columns along the x-axis
HISTOGRAM
a function whose value decreases as the independent variable increases over a given range
DECREASING FUNCTION
a line or curve that acts as the limit of another line or curve
ASYMPTOTE
a typical value for a probability distribution
CENTRAL TENDENCY
a value that occurs most frequently in a dataset
MODE
a curve plotted to exhibit the assumed correlation between two mathematical variables—called also correlation curve
CORRELOGRAM
a function, which can reverse into another function
INVERSE FUNCTION
the rate of change of a function with respect to a variable
DERIVATIVE
the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying distribution of probability
STATISTICAL INFERENCE
a probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
a circular statistical graphic, which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion
PIE CHART
function such as a quadratic, a cubic, a quartic, involving only non-negative integer powers of x
POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION
an integer that is multiplied with the variable of a single term or the terms of a polynomial
COEFFICIENT
a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values
STANDARD DEVIATION
a distortion or asymmetry that deviates from the symmetrical bell curve, or normal distribution, in a set of data
SKEWNESS
a graph that shows numerical data arranged in order
STEM PLOT
a function whose values are found from two given functions by applying one function to an independent variable, and then applying the second function to the result
COMPOSITE FUNCTION
the y-coordinate of a point where a line, curve, or surface intersects the y-axis
Y-INTERCEPT