Symbols & Distributions
This symbol identifies the sample variance.
What is s2?
This is the mean of a z-score distribution.
What is 0?
A probability value that is deduced from reason alone.
What is a priori probability?
This distribution is the normal distribution.
What is the z-score distribution?
A statement indicating that the independent variable has an effect.
What is the (nondirectional) alternative hypothesis?
This term is used to identify the standard deviation of the distribution of sample means.
What is standard error?
This is the standard deviation of the z-score distribution.
What is 1?
A probability value that is determined after collecting data.
What is a posteriori probability?
A large sample and a small standard deviation produce this size of a standard error.
What is small?
The decision you make if you test statistic is within the critical region.
What is reject the null hypothesis?
This symbol identifies the population standard deviation.
What is lowercase sigma?
Each person has an equal chance of being selected for the research study.
What is a random sample?
The probability of selecting a male out of a class that consists of 10 males and 30 females if one student is randomly selected from the course.
What is 10/40 or 25%?
The place you can find all the values that a sample mean can take along with the probability of getting each value.
What is a distribution table?
Researchers attempt to maximize this value related to hypothesis testing.
What is power?
The variables needed to calculate the standard error of a sampling distribution for a z-hypothesis test.
What are the standard deviation of the population and the sample size?
These rules cannot apply unless there is random sampling.
What are the rules of probability?
The natural discrepancy, or amount of error, between a sample statistic and its corresponding population parameter.
What is sampling error?
All the values the sample mean can take AND the probability of getting each mean value if sampling is random from the null hypothesis population.
What is the sampling distribution of the mean?
Another name for a two-tailed test.
What is non-directional?
Adding 20 points to every score changes the standard deviation by how much?
What is nothing?
The unchanged scores; a direct result of measurement.
What are raw scores?
All probabilities can be expressed as decimal values ranging from these two integers.
What is 0 to 1?
The mean of the sampling distribution of the mean is equal to the mean of this distribution. This is an actual or theoretical set of population scores that would exist if the experiment were done on the entire population and the independent variable had no effect.
What is the null hypothesis population distribution?
These are the 4 steps of hypothesis testing.
What are
- write hypotheses
- find critical region
- calculate test statistic
- make decision?