Stats Intro
I can be referred to as Descriptive or Inferential
What are Two Type of Statistics?
A grouping of qualitative data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive classes showing the number of observations in each class.
What is a Frequency Table?
Based on the assumption that the outcomes of an experiment are equally likely.
What is Classical Probability?
A listing of all the outcomes of an experiment and the probability associated with each outcome.
What is a Probability Distribution?
A chart that shows the proportion or percent that each class represents of the total number of frequencies.
What is a Pie Chart?
I can be referred to as Qualitative or Quantitative
What are Two Types of Variables?
A grouping of quantitative data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive classes showing the number of observations in each class.
What is a Frequency Distribution?
The probability of an event happening is the fraction of the time similar events happened in the past.
What is Empirical Probability or what is Relative Frequency as an approximation of Probability?
A quantity resulting from an experiment that, by chance, can assume different values.
What is a Random Variable?
A statement about a population parameter subject to verification.
What is a Hypothesis?
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio
What are the 4 Level of Data (Scales of Measurement)?
(For ungrouped data): the sum of all the population values divided by the total number of population values.
What is the population mean?
Is used to classify sample observations according to two or more identifiable characteristics measured.
What is a contingency table/cross tabulation?
A random variable that can assume only certain clearly separated values. It is usually the result of counting something.
What is a discrete random variable?
Used to test a hypothesis that three or more population means are equal.
What is ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)?
Used to make an inference related to the entire population
What is a Sample?
For a symmetrical, bell-shaped frequency distribution, approximately 68% of the observations will lie within plus and minus one standard deviation of the mean, about 95% of the observations will lie within plus and minus two standard deviation of the mean; and practically all (99.7%) will lie within plus and minus three standard deviations of the mean.
What is the Empirical Rule?
A value between zero and one, inclusive, describing the relative possibility (chance or likelihood) an event will occur.
What is probability?
A random variable that can assume an infinite number of values within a given range. It is usually the result of some type of measurement.
What is a Continuous Random Variable?
Is a measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables.
What is the Coefficient of Correlation (r)?
Inclusive of all members of a specified group
What is a Population?
For any set of observations (sample or population), the proportion of the values that lie within K standard deviations of the mean is at least 1-1/k2 where K is any value greater than 1
What is Chebyshev’s Theorem?
A method for revising a probability given additional information
What is Bayes’ Theorem?
1) The outcome of each trial is classified into one of two mutually exclusive categories—a success or a failure. 2)The random variable, x, is the number of successes in a fixed number of trials. 3)The probability of success and failure stay the same for each trial. 4)The trials are independent, meaning that the outcome of one trial does not affect the outcome of any other trial.
What is Binomial Probability?
Is the proportion of the total variation in the dependent variable (Y) that is explained or accounted for by the variation in the independent variable (X). It is the square of the coefficient of correlation.
What is the coefficient of determination (r2)?